Numeri 13:26 (Numbers 13:26)

Posted on May 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 13:26 Reversique exploratores Terræ post quadraginta dies, omni regione circuita,

And the explorers of the Land having returned after forty days, with the whole region having been traversed,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Reversique and having returned NOM.PL.M PTCP.PERF.DEP
2 exploratores explorers NOM.PL.M
3 Terræ of the Land GEN.SG.F
4 post after PREP+ACC
5 quadraginta forty INDECL
6 dies days ACC.PL.M
7 omni whole ABL.SG.F
8 regione region ABL.SG.F
9 circuita having been traversed ABL.SG.F PTCP.PERF.PASS

Syntax

Participial Phrase: Reversique exploratores Terræ introduces the subject with completed action.

Temporal Phrase: post quadraginta dies specifies duration.

Ablative Absolute: omni regione circuita expresses accompanying circumstance.

Clause Function: This segment sets the temporal and situational context for the following action.

Morphology

  1. Reversique — Lemma: revertor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect deponent participle nominative plural masculine with enclitic; Function: modifies subject; Translation: and having returned; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.
  2. exploratores — Lemma: explorator; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine third declension; Function: subject; Translation: explorers; Notes: Agents of action.
  3. Terræ — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine first declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the Land; Notes: Specifies domain explored.
  4. post — Lemma: post; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces time; Translation: after; Notes: Temporal relation.
  5. quadraginta — Lemma: quadraginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies dies; Translation: forty; Notes: Quantity.
  6. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine fifth declension; Function: object of post; Translation: days; Notes: Duration.
  7. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies regione; Translation: whole; Notes: Totality.
  8. regione — Lemma: regio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine third declension; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: region; Notes: Area explored.
  9. circuita — Lemma: circumeo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle ablative singular feminine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: having been traversed; Notes: Completed action.

 

Numeri 13:26 (Numbers 13:26) = Numeri 13:25 (Numbers 13:25)

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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