Numeri 13:28 (Numbers 13:28)

Posted on May 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 13:28 et narraverunt, dicentes: Venimus in Terram, ad quam misisti nos, quæ revera fluit lacte et melle, ut ex his fructibus cognosci potest:

and they reported, saying: “We came into the land, to which you sent us, which truly flows with milk and honey, as it can be known from these fruits;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 narraverunt they reported 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
3 dicentes saying NOM.PL.M PRES.PTCP.ACT
4 Venimus we came 1PL.PERF.ACT.IND
5 in into PREP+ACC
6 Terram the land ACC.SG.F
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 quam which ACC.SG.F REL
9 misisti you sent 2SG.PERF.ACT.IND
10 nos us ACC.PL PERS
11 quæ which NOM.SG.F REL
12 revera truly ADV
13 fluit flows 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
14 lacte with milk ABL.SG.N
15 et and CONJ
16 melle with honey ABL.SG.N
17 ut as CONJ
18 ex from PREP+ABL
19 his these ABL.PL.M DEM
20 fructibus fruits ABL.PL.M
21 cognosci to be known PRES.INF.PASS
22 potest it can 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: et narraverunt introduces the report.

Participial Clause: dicentes introduces direct speech.

Main Clause (Speech): Venimus in Terram states arrival.

Relative Clause: ad quam misisti nos identifies the land.

Relative Clause: quæ revera fluit lacte et melle describes its richness.

Result Clause: ut ex his fructibus cognosci potest explains evidence.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Continues narrative.
  2. narraverunt — Lemma: narro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: they reported; Notes: Introduces speech.
  3. dicentes — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies subject; Translation: saying; Notes: Introduces content.
  4. Venimus — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative first person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: we came; Notes: Speaker perspective.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces direction; Translation: into; Notes: Motion.
  6. Terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine first declension; Function: object; Translation: the land; Notes: Destination.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces relation; Translation: to; Notes: Relative link.
  8. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to land.
  9. misisti — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative second person singular; Function: verb; Translation: you sent; Notes: Addressing leader.
  10. nos — Lemma: nos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object; Translation: us; Notes: Direct object.
  11. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to land.
  12. revera — Lemma: revera; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies verb; Translation: truly; Notes: Emphasis.
  13. fluit — Lemma: fluo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third person singular; Function: verb; Translation: flows; Notes: Description.
  14. lacte — Lemma: lac; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter third declension; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with milk; Notes: Prosperity.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects; Translation: and; Notes: Coordination.
  16. melle — Lemma: mel; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter third declension; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with honey; Notes: Abundance.
  17. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces clause; Translation: as; Notes: Result.
  18. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: Evidence.
  19. his — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: modifies fructibus; Translation: these; Notes: Refers to samples.
  20. fructibus — Lemma: fructus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine fourth declension; Function: object; Translation: fruits; Notes: Evidence.
  21. cognosci — Lemma: cognosco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be known; Notes: Passive sense.
  22. potest — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: it can; Notes: Ability.

 

Numeri 13:28 (Numbers 13:28) = Numeri 13:27 (Numbers 13:27)

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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