Numeri 16:39 (Numbers 16:39)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16:39 Tulit ergo Eleazar sacerdos thuribula ænea, in quibus obtulerant hi quos incendium devoravit, et produxit ea in laminas, affigens altari:

Therefore Eleazar the priest took the bronze censers, in which those whom the fire devoured had offered, and he brought them out into plates, fastening them to the altar;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tulit took 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 ergo therefore ADV
3 Eleazar Eleazar NOM.SG.M
4 sacerdos priest NOM.SG.M
5 thuribula censers ACC.PL.N
6 ænea bronze ACC.PL.N
7 in in PREP+ABL
8 quibus which ABL.PL.N.REL
9 obtulerant they had offered 3PL.PLUP.ACT.IND
10 hi those NOM.PL.M
11 quos whom ACC.PL.M.REL
12 incendium fire NOM.SG.N
13 devoravit devoured 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
14 et and CONJ
15 produxit brought out 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
16 ea them ACC.PL.N
17 in into PREP+ACC
18 laminas plates ACC.PL.F
19 affigens fastening NOM.SG.M.PTCP.PRES
20 altari to the altar DAT.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Eleazar sacerdos (subject) + tulit (verb) + thuribula ænea (object)

Relative Clause 1: in quibus obtulerant hi — modifies thuribula, indicating usage.

Relative Clause 2: quos incendium devoravit — modifies hi, identifying those men.

Coordinated Clause: et produxit ea in laminas — describes subsequent action.

Participial Phrase: affigens altari — indicates accompanying action or manner.

Morphology

  1. Tulit — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: took; Notes: completed action.
  2. ergo — Lemma: ergo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects logically; Translation: therefore; Notes: marks consequence.
  3. Eleazar — Lemma: Eleazar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Eleazar; Notes: priestly figure.
  4. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: priest; Notes: identifies role.
  5. thuribula — Lemma: thuribulum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: censers; Notes: ritual implements.
  6. ænea — Lemma: æneus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies thuribula; Translation: bronze; Notes: material specification.
  7. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: introduces relative clause.
  8. quibus — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural neuter relative; Function: object of preposition; Translation: which; Notes: refers to censers.
  9. obtulerant — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural pluperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: they had offered; Notes: prior action.
  10. hi — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine demonstrative; Function: subject; Translation: those; Notes: refers to men.
  11. quos — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine relative; Function: object; Translation: whom; Notes: refers to hi.
  12. incendium — Lemma: incendium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject; Translation: fire; Notes: destructive force.
  13. devoravit — Lemma: devoro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: devoured; Notes: completed destruction.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: continuation.
  15. produxit — Lemma: produco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: brought out; Notes: subsequent action.
  16. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object; Translation: them; Notes: refers to censers.
  17. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: into; Notes: transformation.
  18. laminas — Lemma: lamina; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object; Translation: plates; Notes: hammered metal.
  19. affigens — Lemma: affigo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: nominative singular masculine present active participle; Function: modifies subject; Translation: fastening; Notes: simultaneous action.
  20. altari — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the altar; Notes: destination.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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