Numeri 18:18 (Numbers 18:18)

Posted on May 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Mm 18:18 Carnes vero in usum tuum cedent, sicut pectusculum consecratum, et armus dexter, tua erunt.

But the flesh shall pass into your use, just as the consecrated little breast and the right shoulder shall be yours.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Carnes flesh NOM.PL.F
2 vero however CONJ
3 in into PREP+ACC
4 usum use ACC.SG.M
5 tuum your ACC.SG.M.POSS
6 cedent shall pass 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
7 sicut just as CONJ
8 pectusculum little breast NOM.SG.N
9 consecratum consecrated PTCP.NOM.SG.N.PERF.PASS
10 et and CONJ
11 armus shoulder NOM.SG.M
12 dexter right NOM.SG.M
13 tua yours NOM.PL.N.POSS
14 erunt shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause 1: Carnes (subject) + cedent (verb)
Prepositional Phrase: in usum tuum — destination or benefit

Comparative Clause: sicut pectusculum consecratum et armus dexter
→ pectusculum and armus (compound subjects)
→ consecratum and dexter (modifiers)

Main Clause 2: tua erunt
→ tua (predicate adjective expressing possession)
→ erunt (copulative verb)

Morphology

  1. Carnes — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine, third declension; Function: subject; Translation: flesh; Notes: refers to sacrificial meat portions.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction (indeclinable); Function: introduces contrast or continuation; Translation: however; Notes: transitional emphasis.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces destination; Translation: into; Notes: movement toward use or benefit.
  4. usum — Lemma: usus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, fourth declension; Function: object of in; Translation: use; Notes: practical enjoyment or benefit.
  5. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies usum; Translation: your; Notes: possession relation.
  6. cedent — Lemma: cedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, third person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: shall pass; Notes: transfer into possession or usage.
  7. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces comparison; Translation: just as; Notes: marks analogy.
  8. pectusculum — Lemma: pectusculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter, second declension; Function: subject within comparative clause; Translation: little breast; Notes: diminutive form referring to sacrificial breast portion.
  9. consecratum — Lemma: consecro; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies pectusculum; Translation: consecrated; Notes: ritually dedicated.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins nouns; Translation: and; Notes: additive relation.
  11. armus — Lemma: armus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: shoulder; Notes: sacrificial limb portion.
  12. dexter — Lemma: dexter; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies armus; Translation: right; Notes: specifies the right shoulder.
  13. tua — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective used substantively; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate complement; Translation: yours; Notes: indicates possession.
  14. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, third person plural; Function: copulative verb; Translation: shall be; Notes: expresses future state or entitlement.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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