Exodus 24:7

Posted on March 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

7 Assumensque volumen fœderis, legit audiente populo: qui dixerunt: Omnia quæ locutus est Dominus, faciemus, et erimus obedientes.

And taking the volume of the covenant, he read it while the people listened; and they said: All the words which the LORD has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Assumensque and taking PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M + CONJ
2 volumen volume ACC.SG.N 3RD DECL
3 fœderis of the covenant GEN.SG.N 3RD DECL
4 legit he read 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
5 audiente while … listened ABL.SG.M PTCP.PRES.ACT
6 populo the people ABL.SG.M 2ND DECL
7 qui who NOM.PL.M PRON REL
8 dixerunt they said 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
9 Omnia all things ACC.PL.N ADJ
10 quæ which ACC.PL.N PRON REL
11 locutus spoken NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.DEP
12 est has 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
13 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
14 faciemus we will do 1PL.FUT.ACT.IND
15 et and CONJ
16 erimus we will be 1PL.FUT.ACT.IND
17 obedientes obedient NOM.PL.M ADJ

Syntax

Opening Participial Clause:
Assumensque volumen fœderis — “And taking the volume of the covenant,”
• Assumens = circumstantial participle modifying Moyses (implied).
• volumen fœderis = object phrase (“the scroll of the covenant”).

Main Verb:
legit audiente populo — “he read it while the people listened.”
• legit = main verb.
• audiente populo = ablative absolute (temporal/attendant circumstance).

Relative Clause Introduced by qui:
qui dixerunt — “who said.”
• qui = refers to the people.
• dixerunt = main verb of quotation.

Content Clause (Object of dixerunt):
Omnia quæ locutus est Dominus — “All the things which the LORD has spoken”
• quæ introduces the relative clause.
• locutus est = perfect periphrastic (deponent).

Coordinated Future Promises:
faciemus — “we will do”
et erimus obedientes — “and we will be obedient.”
• Two coordinated volitional futures expressing covenant acceptance.

Morphology

  1. Assumensque — Lemma: assumo + -que; Part of Speech: participle + enclitic; Form: present active participle, nominative singular masculine; Function: circumstantial modifier; Translation: and taking; Notes: -que joins to the narrative flow.
  2. volumen — Lemma: volumen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, third declension; Function: object of assumens; Translation: volume; Notes: scroll containing covenant laws.
  3. fœderis — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: covenant = binding divine agreement.
  4. legit — Lemma: lego; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: he read; Notes: public, authoritative reading.
  5. audiente — Lemma: audio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular masculine, present active participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: while … listened; Notes: temporal circumstance.
  6. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine, second declension; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: the people; Notes: entire assembly.
  7. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of dixerunt; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the people.
  8. dixerunt — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural; Function: main verb of quotation; Translation: they said; Notes: covenant assent.
  9. Omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of implied faciemus; Translation: all things; Notes: total commitment.
  10. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to omnia.
  11. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent participle; Form: nominative singular masculine, perfect participle; Function: part of locutus est; Translation: spoken; Notes: perfect deponent construction.
  12. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative, 3rd singular; Function: auxiliary; Translation: has; Notes: completes deponent perfect.
  13. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of locutus est; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  14. faciemus — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, 1st plural; Function: promise of obedience; Translation: we will do; Notes: covenant acceptance formula.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  16. erimus — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, 1st plural; Function: linking verb; Translation: we will be; Notes: expresses future covenant disposition.
  17. obedientes — Lemma: obediens; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate complement of erimus; Translation: obedient; Notes: moral commitment.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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