Exodus 25:5

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

5 et pelles arietum rubricatas, pellesque ianthinas, et ligna setim:

And rams’ skins dyed red, and violet skins, and acacia wood;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 pelles skins ACC.PL.F.NOUN.3RD DECL
3 arietum of rams GEN.PL.M.NOUN.2ND DECL
4 rubricatas dyed red ACC.PL.F.PPP
5 pellesque and skins ACC.PL.F.NOUN.3RD DECL
6 ianthinas violet ACC.PL.F.ADJ
7 et and CONJ
8 ligna wood ACC.PL.N.NOUN.2ND DECL
9 setim acacia GEN.PL.F.INVAR

Syntax

List coordination: pelles … rubricatas … pellesque ianthinas … ligna setim forms a coordinated list of materials.
Enclitic conjunction: pellesque links the violet skins to the previous items.
Genitive construction: arietum specifies the source of the skins.
Attributive adjective: rubricatas modifies the ram skins as red-dyed.
Genitive of material: setim identifies the kind of wood (acacia).

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: joins items.
  2. pelles — Lemma: pellis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object in list; Translation: skins; Notes: material for covering.
  3. arietum — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of origin; Translation: of rams; Notes: identifies animal source.
  4. rubricatas — Lemma: rubrico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative plural feminine perfect passive participle; Function: modifies *pelles*; Translation: dyed red; Notes: describes treatment of skins.
  5. pellesque — Lemma: pellis + que; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: coordinated item; Translation: and skins; Notes: *-que* adds “and.”
  6. ianthinas — Lemma: ianthinus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies *pelles*; Translation: violet; Notes: describes color.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: links item.
  8. ligna — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object in list; Translation: wood; Notes: construction material.
  9. setim — Lemma: setim; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine (indeclinable in biblical usage); Function: genitive of material; Translation: of acacia; Notes: specifies wood type.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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