Exodus 29:30

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:30 Septem diebus utetur illa qui pontifex pro eo fuerit constitutus de filiis eius, et qui ingredietur tabernaculum testimonii ut ministret in Sanctuario.

For seven days he shall use it, the one who shall have been appointed as High Priest in his place from his sons, and who shall enter the tabernacle of testimony to minister in the Sanctuary.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Septem seven INDECL NUM
2 diebus days ABL.PL.M NOUN 5TH DECL
3 utetur he shall use 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND 3RD CONJ
4 illa it ABL.SG.F PRON DEM
5 qui who NOM.SG.M PRON REL
6 pontifex priest / high priest NOM.SG.M NOUN 3RD DECL
7 pro in place of PREP+ABL INDECL
8 eo him ABL.SG.M PRON PERS
9 fuerit shall have been 3SG.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
10 constitutus appointed NOM.SG.M PTCP PERF.PASS
11 de from PREP+ABL INDECL
12 filiis sons ABL.PL.M NOUN 2ND DECL
13 eius his GEN.SG.M/F PRON POSS
14 et and CONJ INDECL
15 qui who NOM.SG.M PRON REL
16 ingredietur shall enter 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
17 tabernaculum the tabernacle ACC.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
18 testimonii of testimony GEN.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
19 ut to / in order to CONJ INDECL
20 ministret he may minister 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ 1ST CONJ
21 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
22 Sanctuario the Sanctuary ABL.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: Septem diebus sets duration for using the garment.
Main Clause: utetur illa — deponent verb governing ablative illa.
Relative Clause 1: qui pontifex pro eo fuerit constitutus de filiis eius modifies the understood subject; fuerit constitutus forms a future perfect passive sense.
Relative Clause 2: qui ingredietur tabernaculum testimonii adds a parallel description of the High Priest.
Final Clause: ut ministret in Sanctuario expresses purpose: ministry in the Sanctuary.

Morphology

  1. Septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: seven; Notes: fixed form, no inflection.
  2. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, fifth declension; Function: ablative of time within which; Translation: days; Notes: used for temporal duration.
  3. utetur — Lemma:utor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: future indicative, passive in form, active in meaning, third person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall use; Notes: governs ablative object illa.
  4. illa — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: governed by utetur; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the priestly garment.
  5. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of clause; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the successor High Priest.
  6. pontifex — Lemma: pontifex; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate noun; Translation: High Priest; Notes: technical priestly title.
  7. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates substitution; Translation: in place of; Notes: marks succession.
  8. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun (personal); Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of pro; Translation: him; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  9. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active subjunctive third singular; Function: auxiliary in periphrastic construction; Translation: shall have been; Notes: expresses prior appointment.
  10. constitutus — Lemma: constituo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect passive participle; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: appointed; Notes: describes divinely established High Priest.
  11. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: indicates priestly lineage.
  12. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of de; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to sons of Aaron.
  13. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies filiis; Translation: his; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links second relative clause; Translation: and; Notes: parallel structure.
  15. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the same High Priest.
  16. ingredietur — Lemma: ingredior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: future indicative, third person singular; Function: verb of clause; Translation: he shall enter; Notes: deponent form active in meaning.
  17. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ingredietur; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: refers to Tent of Meeting.
  18. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies tabernaculum; Translation: of testimony; Notes: denotes covenant witness.
  19. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: to; Notes: marks intended priestly function.
  20. ministret — Lemma: ministro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present subjunctive active third person singular; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: he may minister; Notes: priestly ministry in sacred space.
  21. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates location; Translation: in; Notes: marks sacred location.
  22. Sanctuario — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: the Sanctuary; Notes: interior holy space of the tabernacle.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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