Exodus 35:24

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:24 argenti, ærisque metalla obtulerunt Domino, lignaque setim in varios usus.

they offered the metals of silver and bronze to the LORD, and also the setim wood for various uses.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 argenti of silver NOUN.GEN.SG.N.2ND DECL
2 ærisque and of bronze NOUN.GEN.SG.N.3RD DECL + ENCLITIC -QUE
3 metalla metals NOUN.ACC.PL.N.2ND DECL
4 obtulerunt offered 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND.3RD CONJ
5 Domino to the LORD NOUN.DAT.SG.M.2ND DECL
6 lignaque and wood NOUN.ACC.PL.N.3RD DECL + ENCLITIC -QUE
7 setim acacia (setim) wood NOUN.ACC.SG.N.INDECL
8 in for PREP+ACC
9 varios various ADJ.ACC.PL.M.POS
10 usus uses NOUN.ACC.PL.M.4TH DECL

Syntax

Main Clause: metalla (object) + obtulerunt (verb) with implied subject (they).

Objects:
metalla argenti ærisque — direct object of the verb,
lignaque setim — second direct object.

Phrases:
Domino — indirect object (recipient).
in varios usus — prepositional phrase expressing purpose.

Morphology

  1. argenti — Lemma: argentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter (2nd declension); Function: genitive of material; Translation: of silver; Notes: modifies metalla.
  2. ærisque — Lemma: aes; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter (3rd declension) + enclitic -que; Function: genitive of material; Translation: and of bronze; Notes: tightly joins with argenti to form a compound genitive phrase.
  3. metalla — Lemma: metallum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter (2nd declension); Function: direct object; Translation: metals; Notes: head of the object phrase.
  4. obtulerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd plural (3rd conjugation); Function: main verb; Translation: offered; Notes: perfect tense indicates completed action.
  5. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH, thus translated “LORD.”
  6. lignaque — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter (3rd declension) + enclitic -que; Function: direct object; Translation: and wood; Notes: introduces second set of materials offered.
  7. setim — Lemma: setim; Part of Speech: noun; Form: indeclinable accusative singular neuter; Function: modifier for type of wood; Translation: setim (acacia); Notes: retains Hebrew loan-form.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for; Notes: used with motion/purpose nuance when with accusative.
  9. varios — Lemma: varius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies usus; Translation: various; Notes: describes multiplicity of uses.
  10. usus — Lemma: usus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine (4th declension); Function: object of preposition in; Translation: uses; Notes: expresses end-purpose.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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