Exodus 35:28

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ez 35:28 aromataque et oleum ad luminaria concinnanda, et ad præparandum unguentum, ac thymiama odoris suavissimi componendum.

and spices and oil for preparing the lamps, and for preparing the ointment, and for composing the incense of very sweet fragrance.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 aromataque and spices NOUN.ACC.PL.N.3RD DECL + ENCLITIC -QUE
2 et and CONJ
3 oleum oil NOUN.ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL
4 ad for PREP+ACC
5 luminaria lamps NOUN.ACC.PL.N.3RD DECL
6 concinnanda to be prepared GERUNDV.ACC.PL.N.PASS
7 et and CONJ
8 ad for PREP+ACC
9 præparandum to prepare GERUND.ACC.SG.N
10 unguentum ointment NOUN.ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL
11 ac and CONJ
12 thymiama incense NOUN.ACC.SG.N.3RD DECL
13 odoris of fragrance NOUN.GEN.SG.M.3RD DECL
14 suavissimi most sweet ADJ.GEN.SG.M.SUPER
15 componendum to be composed GERUNDV.ACC.SG.N.PASS

Syntax

Main Structure: Continues the list of priestly materials offered.
aromataque and oleum serve as direct objects in the ongoing narrative sequence.

Purpose Clauses via Prepositional Phrases:
ad luminaria concinnanda — “for preparing the lamps.”
ad præparandum unguentum — “for preparing the ointment.”
thymiama … componendum — “the incense to be composed.”

Modifiers:
odoris suavissimi — genitive phrase modifying thymiama, “incense of very sweet fragrance.”

Morphology

  1. aromataque — Lemma: aroma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter (3rd declension) + enclitic -que; Function: direct object; Translation: and spices; Notes: enclitic joins tightly to the previous offering list.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links coordinated objects; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  3. oleum — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter (2nd declension); Function: direct object; Translation: oil; Notes: used for ritual lighting and anointing.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for; Notes: frequent with gerund/gerundive constructions.
  5. luminaria — Lemma: luminare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter (3rd declension); Function: object of ad; Translation: lamps; Notes: refers to the tabernacle lampstand.
  6. concinnanda — Lemma: concinno; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative plural neuter passive; Function: expresses purpose with ad; Translation: to be prepared; Notes: gerundive conveys necessity or purpose.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins coordinated purpose phrases; Translation: and; Notes: connective.
  8. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for; Notes: introduces another ritual preparation function.
  9. præparandum — Lemma: præparo; Part of Speech: gerund; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad in gerund construction; Translation: to prepare; Notes: describes action necessary to produce the ointment.
  10. unguentum — Lemma: unguentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter (2nd declension); Function: direct object of gerund’s implied action; Translation: ointment; Notes: refers to the sacred anointing oil of Exodus.
  11. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates final clause; Translation: and; Notes: slightly elevated connective.
  12. thymiama — Lemma: thymiama; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter (3rd declension); Function: direct object; Translation: incense; Notes: Greek loan-word used in ritual contexts.
  13. odoris — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine (3rd declension); Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of fragrance; Notes: modifies thymiama.
  14. suavissimi — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine superlative; Function: modifies odoris; Translation: most sweet; Notes: SUPER = strictly superlative, not supine.
  15. componendum — Lemma: compōno; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative singular neuter passive; Function: expresses purpose: “to be composed”; Translation: to be composed; Notes: ritual preparation of sacred incense.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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