Exodus 35:31

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:31 Implevitque eum spiritu Dei, sapientia et intelligentia, et scientia et omni doctrina

And He has filled him with the spirit of God, with wisdom and understanding, and knowledge and every teaching

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Implevitque and has filled 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND.3RD CONJ + ENCLITIC -QUE
2 eum him PRON.PERS.ACC.SG.M
3 spiritu with spirit NOUN.ABL.SG.M.4TH DECL
4 Dei of God NOUN.GEN.SG.M.2ND DECL
5 sapientia wisdom NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
6 et and CONJ
7 intelligentia understanding NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
8 et and CONJ
9 scientia knowledge NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL
10 et and CONJ
11 omni every ADJ.ABL.SG.F.POS
12 doctrina teaching NOUN.ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL

Syntax

Main Clause: Implevitque eum — “And He has filled him,” with implied divine subject from previous verse.

Ablative of Means / Instrument: spiritu Dei — “with the Spirit of God.”

Coordinated Ablatives of Means: sapientia, intelligentia, scientia, omni doctrina — indicating additional endowments with which Bezalel is filled.

Morphology

  1. Implevitque — Lemma: impleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular (2nd conjugation) + enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: and has filled; Notes: enclitic joins this action to the previous divine calling.
  2. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: him; Notes: refers to Bezalel.
  3. spiritu — Lemma: spiritus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine (4th declension); Function: ablative of means; Translation: with (the) Spirit; Notes: divine empowerment.
  4. Dei — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of God; Notes: specifies divine origin.
  5. sapientia — Lemma: sapientia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine (1st declension); Function: ablative of means; Translation: with wisdom; Notes: intellectual and moral discernment.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates phrases; Translation: and; Notes: simple connective.
  7. intelligentia — Lemma: intelligentia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with understanding; Notes: denotes ability to grasp meaning and design.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates items; Translation: and; Notes: joins next ablative.
  9. scientia — Lemma: scientia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with knowledge; Notes: practical and theoretical expertise.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links final ablative phrase; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive.
  11. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies doctrina; Translation: every; Notes: expresses comprehensive scope.
  12. doctrina — Lemma: doctrina; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine (1st declension); Function: ablative of means; Translation: with teaching; Notes: includes technical instruction and skill.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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