Genesis 27:17

Posted on January 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 27:17 Deditque pulmentum, et panes, quos coxerat, tradidit.

And she gave the stew, and the breads which she had baked, she handed over.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Deditque and she gave 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC
2 pulmentum stew / dish ACC.SG.N
3 et and CONJ
4 panes breads ACC.PL.M
5 quos which ACC.PL.M.REL.PRON
6 coxerat she had baked 3SG.PLUPERF.ACT.IND
7 tradidit she handed over 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Deditque pulmentum, et panes… — “And she gave the stew, and the breads…” The enclitic -que joins this clause to the previous verse, continuing Rebecca’s sequence of actions. Both pulmentum and panes serve as direct objects of dedit.
Relative Clause: quos coxerat — “which she had baked.” The pluperfect coxerat expresses prior completion of the baking before the giving.
Second Main Verb: tradidit — “she handed over.” This resumes the narrative with a perfect verb, denoting final delivery of the prepared meal to Jacob.

Morphology

  1. Deditque — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb + enclitic; Form: perfect indicative active 3rd person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “and she gave”; Notes: The enclitic “-que” connects to the preceding actions; perfect tense indicates completed giving.
  2. pulmentum — Lemma: pulmentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of “dedit”; Translation: “stew / dish”; Notes: Refers to the seasoned meal Rebecca prepared for Isaac.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links “pulmentum” and “panes.”
  4. panes — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “breads”; Notes: Represents the baked food accompanying the stew.
  5. quos — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of “coxerat”; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers to the breads previously prepared.
  6. coxerat — Lemma: coquo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: pluperfect indicative active 3rd person singular; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: “she had baked”; Notes: Indicates completed action before the act of giving.
  7. tradidit — Lemma: trado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect indicative active 3rd person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “she handed over”; Notes: Marks the conclusion of Rebecca’s preparation and her delivery of the meal to Jacob for presentation to Isaac.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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