Genesis 46:13

Posted on February 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Hn 46:13 Filii Issachar: Thola et Phua et Iob et Semron.

The sons of Issachar: Thola and Phua and Job and Semron.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Filii sons NOM.PL.M
2 Issachar Issachar GEN.SG.M
3 Thola Tola NOM.SG.M
4 et and CONJ
5 Phua Puvah NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Iob Iob NOM.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 Semron Shimron NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Heading: Filii Issachar forms a nominative title introducing the list of Issachar’s sons.
Coordinated List: Thola, Phua, Iob, and Semron appear in a coordinated nominative series, each connected by et, forming a standard genealogical enumeration.

Morphology

  1. Filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: heading/subject of genealogical list; Translation: “sons”; Notes: standard introduction to a tribal genealogy.
  2. Issachar — Lemma: Issachar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of relationship modifying Filii; Translation: “of Issachar”; Notes: Hebrew tribal name treated as a genitive.
  3. Thola — Lemma: Thola; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: first son listed; Translation: “Thola”; Notes: corresponds to Hebrew תּוֹלָע.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination between list elements; Translation: “and”; Notes: standard copulative connector.
  5. Phua — Lemma: Phua; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinated item in list; Translation: “Phua”; Notes: appears only in genealogical contexts.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links Phua to Iob; Translation: “and”; Notes: maintains enumerative rhythm.
  7. Iob — Lemma: Iob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinated son; Translation: “Iob”; Notes: name coincides with Job, though genealogically distinct.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links Iob to Semron; Translation: “and”; Notes: final connector for this list.
  9. Semron — Lemma: Semron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: final son in the coordinated list; Translation: “Semron”; Notes: corresponds to Hebrew שִׁמְרוֹן.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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