Genesis 46:19

Posted on February 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 46:19 Filii Rachel uxoris Iacob: Ioseph et Beniamin.

The sons of Rachel the wife of Jacob: Joseph and Benjamin.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Filii sons NOM.PL.M
2 Rachel Rachel GEN.SG.F
3 uxoris wife GEN.SG.F
4 Iacob of Jacob GEN.SG.M
5 Ioseph Joseph NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Beniamin Benjamin NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Heading: Filii Rachel uxoris Iacob forms a complete nominative title meaning “the sons of Rachel, the wife of Jacob.”
• Filii: head noun
• Rachel: genitive of relationship (“of Rachel”)
• uxoris Iacob: appositional genitive phrase (“the wife of Jacob”)

List: Ioseph and Beniamin form the coordinated nominative pair of sons, linked by et.

Morphology

  1. Filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: heading for the genealogical list; Translation: “sons”; Notes: standard introduction to a tribal sub-listing.
  2. Rachel — Lemma: Rachel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of relationship modifying Filii; Translation: “of Rachel”; Notes: Rachel is the mother of Joseph and Benjamin.
  3. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: apposition to Rachel explaining her role; Translation: “wife”; Notes: specifies Rachel’s marital relationship.
  4. Iacob — Lemma: Iacob; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive modifying uxoris; Translation: “of Jacob”; Notes: identifies whose wife Rachel is.
  5. Ioseph — Lemma: Ioseph; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: first son listed; Translation: “Joseph”; Notes: elder son of Rachel.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: coordinating conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links Ioseph and Beniamin; Translation: “and”; Notes: standard additive coordination.
  7. Beniamin — Lemma: Beniamin; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: second son in the list; Translation: “Benjamin”; Notes: youngest son of Jacob, born to Rachel.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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