Genesis 46:29

Posted on February 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 46:29 Quo cum pervenisset, iuncto Ioseph curro suo, ascendit obviam patri suo ad eumdem locum: vidensque eum, irruit super collum eius, et inter amplexus flevit.

And when he had arrived there, Joseph, having yoked his chariot, went up to meet his father at the same place; and seeing him, he rushed upon his neck and wept amid embraces.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quo to which ABL.SG.N
2 cum when CONJ
3 pervenisset had arrived 3SG.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
4 iuncto having yoked ABL.SG.N.PART.PERF.PASS
5 Ioseph Joseph NOM.SG.M
6 curro chariot ABL.SG.M
7 suo his ABL.SG.M
8 ascendit went up 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 obviam to meet ADV
10 patri father DAT.SG.M
11 suo his DAT.SG.M
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 eumdem the same ACC.SG.M
14 locum place ACC.SG.M
15 vidensque and seeing NOM.SG.M.PART.PRES.ACT + QUE
16 eum him ACC.SG.M
17 irrulit rushed upon 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
18 super upon PREP+ACC
19 collum neck ACC.SG.N
20 eius of him GEN.SG.M
21 et and CONJ
22 inter among PREP+ACC
23 amplexus embraces ACC.PL.M
24 flevit wept 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Clause 1: Quo cum pervenisset — temporal clause
• Quo: ablative of place (“to which place”)
• cum pervenisset: circumstantial temporal clause (“when he had arrived”)

Clause 2: iuncto Ioseph curro suo ascendit obviam patri suo ad eumdem locum — main narrative clause
• Ioseph: subject
• iuncto curro suo: ablative absolute (“his chariot having been yoked”)
• ascendit: main verb (“went up”)
• obviam patri suo: direction of encounter (“to meet his father”)
• ad eumdem locum: destination (“to the same place”)

Clause 3: vidensque eum irrulit super collum eius — consecutive emotional action
• vidensque: circumstantial participle (“and seeing him”)
• irrulit: main verb (“he rushed upon”)
• super collum eius: prepositional phrase (“upon his neck”)

Clause 4: et inter amplexus flevit — coordinated emotional response
• et: links the final action
• flevit: main verb (“he wept”)
• inter amplexus: expression of manner (“amid embraces”)

Morphology

  1. Quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of place; Translation: “to which”; Notes: refers to Gessen.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: followed by subjunctive.
  3. pervenisset — Lemma: pervenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb in temporal clause; Translation: “had arrived”; Notes: subjunctive required by cum-temporal.
  4. iuncto — Lemma: iungo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular neuter perfect passive participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: “having been yoked”; Notes: describes the chariot.
  5. Ioseph — Lemma: Ioseph; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Joseph”; Notes: performs the action of ascending.
  6. curro — Lemma: currus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: “chariot”; Notes: vehicle employed by Joseph.
  7. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies curro; Translation: “his”; Notes: reflexive to Joseph.
  8. ascendit — Lemma: ascendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: “went up”; Notes: signals movement.
  9. obviam — Lemma: obviam; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: expresses purpose of ascent; Translation: “to meet”; Notes: requires dative object.
  10. patri — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object of obviam; Translation: “to [his] father”; Notes: refers to Jacob.
  11. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies patri; Translation: “his”; Notes: refers back to Joseph.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: directional marker; Translation: “to”; Notes: movement toward a place.
  13. eumdem — Lemma: idem; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies locum; Translation: “the same”; Notes: emphatic repetition.
  14. locum — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: “place”; Notes: destination.
  15. vidensque — Lemma: video + que; Part of Speech: participle + enclitic; Form: nominative singular masculine present active participle; Function: circumstantial participle; Translation: “and seeing”; Notes: links to next action.
  16. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of videns; Translation: “him”; Notes: refers to Jacob.
  17. irrulit — Lemma: irruo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of emotional action; Translation: “rushed upon”; Notes: intense physical movement.
  18. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces target of physical action; Translation: “upon”; Notes: denotes close contact.
  19. collum — Lemma: collum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: “neck”; Notes: emotional embrace.
  20. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possession; Translation: “of him”; Notes: refers to Jacob.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links final action; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple coordination.
  22. inter — Lemma: inter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses manner; Translation: “amid”; Notes: introduces setting of weeping.
  23. amplexus — Lemma: amplexus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of inter; Translation: “embraces”; Notes: vivid emotional detail.
  24. flevit — Lemma: fleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: final action of the sequence; Translation: “wept”; Notes: consummates reunion scene.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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