Genesis 5:6

Posted on January 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 5:6 Vixit quoque Seth centum quinque annis, et genuit Enos.

And Seth also lived one hundred and five years, and he begot Enos.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vixit lived VERB.3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 quoque also ADV
3 Seth Seth PROPN.NOM.SG.M
4 centum hundred NUM.INDECL
5 quinque five NUM.INDECL
6 annis years NOUN.ABL.PL.M
7 et and CONJ
8 genuit begot VERB.3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 Enos Enos PROPN.ACC.SG.M

Syntax

The clause Vixit quoque Seth centum quinque annis has Seth as the nominative subject, vixit as the main verb, and centum quinque annis as an ablative of time how long, expressing the duration of his life before the next event.
The coordinating clause et genuit Enos introduces the subsequent action — “and he begot Enos,” with genuit as the verb and Enos as the direct object.
The adverb quoque emphasizes continuity with the previous genealogy (“Seth also lived…”), linking him to the preceding pattern established with Adam.

Morphology

  1. Vixit — Lemma: vivo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: lived; Notes: denotes the duration of Seth’s life up to begetting Enos.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: additive adverb; Translation: also; Notes: adds Seth to the previous narrative pattern.
  3. Seth — Lemma: Seth; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of “vixit” and “genuit”; Translation: Seth; Notes: son of Adam, continuing the genealogy.
  4. centum — Lemma: centum; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies “annis”; Translation: hundred; Notes: component of compound numeral.
  5. quinque — Lemma: quinque; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies “annis”; Translation: five; Notes: completes Seth’s age count before Enos’ birth.
  6. annis — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of time how long; Translation: years; Notes: expresses the span of Seth’s life before the birth.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins main clauses; Translation: and; Notes: links two life events sequentially.
  8. genuit — Lemma: gigno; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: begot; Notes: describes the act of fathering Enos.
  9. Enos — Lemma: Enos; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of “genuit”; Translation: Enos; Notes: denotes Seth’s son, continuing the lineage.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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