Leviticus 15:17

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:17 Vestem et pellem, quam habuerit, lavabit aqua, et immunda erit usque ad vesperum.

A garment and a skin, which he shall have had, he shall wash with water, and it shall be unclean until evening.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vestem garment ACC.SG.F
2 et and CONJ
3 pellem skin ACC.SG.F
4 quam which ACC.SG.F REL.PRON
5 habuerit shall have had 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
6 lavabit shall wash 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 aqua with water ABL.SG.F
8 et and CONJ
9 immunda unclean NOM.SG.F ADJ
10 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
11 usque until PREP
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 vesperum evening ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Direct Objects: Vestem et pellem form the compound object of lavabit.
Relative Qualification: quam habuerit specifies possession of the item.
Ablative of Means: aqua indicates the means of washing.
Resulting State: immunda erit usque ad vesperum states the duration of impurity.

Morphology

  1. Vestem — Lemma: vestis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: garment; Notes: Clothing subject to impurity.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins parallel objects.
  3. pellem — Lemma: pellis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: skin; Notes: Leather item treated as clothing.
  4. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of habuerit; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to the garment or skin.
  5. habuerit — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: shall have had; Notes: Prior possession assumed.
  6. lavabit — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: shall wash; Notes: Prescribed cleansing act.
  7. aqua — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with water; Notes: Medium of purification.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links consequence.
  9. immunda — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: Agrees with the understood subject item.
  10. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: shall be; Notes: States resulting status.
  11. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: invariable; Function: temporal limit; Translation: until; Notes: Marks duration.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: temporal direction; Translation: to; Notes: Used with time expressions.
  13. vesperum — Lemma: vesper; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: evening; Notes: Daily terminus of impurity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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