Leviticus 15:16

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:16 Vir de quo egreditur semen coitus, lavabit aqua omne corpus suum: et immundus erit usque ad vesperum.

A man from whom the semen of intercourse goes forth, shall wash with water his whole body; and he shall be unclean until evening.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vir man NOM.SG.M
2 de from PREP+ABL
3 quo whom ABL.SG.M REL
4 egreditur goes out 3SG.PRES.DEP.IND
5 semen semen NOM.SG.N
6 coitus of intercourse GEN.SG.M
7 lavabit shall wash 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 aqua with water ABL.SG.F
9 omne whole ACC.SG.N ADJ
10 corpus body ACC.SG.N
11 suum his own ACC.SG.N POSS.PRON
12 et and CONJ
13 immundus unclean NOM.SG.M ADJ
14 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
15 usque until PREP
16 ad to PREP+ACC
17 vesperum evening ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Main Subject: Vir is defined by the relative phrase de quo egreditur semen coitus.
Relative Construction: de quo with egreditur describes the source of emission.
Primary Command: lavabit aqua omne corpus suum prescribes the cleansing action.
Resulting State: immundus erit usque ad vesperum establishes the duration of impurity.

Morphology

  1. Vir — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: man; Notes: Adult male individual.
  2. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Marks point of origin.
  3. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of de; Translation: whom; Notes: Refers back to vir.
  4. egreditur — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present deponent indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: goes out; Notes: Natural physical emission.
  5. semen — Lemma: semen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of egreditur; Translation: semen; Notes: Substance causing impurity.
  6. coitus — Lemma: coitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of intercourse; Notes: Specifies the context of emission.
  7. lavabit — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: shall wash; Notes: Required act of purification.
  8. aqua — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with water; Notes: Medium of cleansing.
  9. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies corpus; Translation: whole; Notes: Emphasizes totality.
  10. corpus — Lemma: corpus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: body; Notes: Entire physical self.
  11. suum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies corpus; Translation: his own; Notes: Reflexive possession.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links consequence.
  13. immundus — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: Temporary ritual status.
  14. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: shall be; Notes: States resulting condition.
  15. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: invariable; Function: temporal limit; Translation: until; Notes: Marks duration.
  16. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: temporal direction; Translation: to; Notes: Used with time expressions.
  17. vesperum — Lemma: vesper; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: evening; Notes: Daily terminus of impurity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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