Leviticus 16:33

Posted on April 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 16:33 et expiabit Sanctuarium et tabernaculum testimonii atque altare, sacerdotes quoque et universum populum.

and he shall make expiation for the Sanctuary and the tabernacle of testimony and the altar, the priests also and for the whole people.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 expiabit he-shall-make-expiation 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 Sanctuarium Sanctuary ACC.SG.N
4 et and CONJ
5 tabernaculum tabernacle ACC.SG.N
6 testimonii of-testimony GEN.SG.N
7 atque and CONJ
8 altare altar ACC.SG.N
9 sacerdotes priests ACC.PL.M
10 quoque also ADV
11 et and CONJ
12 universum whole ACC.SG.M
13 populum people ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Coordinating Conjunction: et — links this action to the preceding ordinances
Main Predicate: expiabit — single verb governing all following objects
Series of Direct Objects: Sanctuarium, tabernaculum testimonii, altare — sacred spaces receiving expiation
Extended Objects: sacerdotes quoque and universum populum — persons included in the same rite
Adverbial Emphasis: quoque — stresses inclusion of the priesthood

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the expiatory sequence.
  2. expiabit — Lemma: expio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: he shall make expiation; Notes: Governs all subsequent objects.
  3. Sanctuarium — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: Sanctuary; Notes: The holy interior space.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links sacred structures.
  5. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: The dwelling place of worship.
  6. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular, second declension; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of testimony; Notes: Refers to the covenant witness within.
  7. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: close coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Stronger connective joining the altar.
  8. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: altar; Notes: Site of sacrificial rites.
  9. sacerdotes — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine plural, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: priests; Notes: The ministering clergy.
  10. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: additive emphasis; Translation: also; Notes: Includes the priests with the sancta.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Extends the scope further.
  12. universum — Lemma: universus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: modifies populum; Translation: whole; Notes: Emphasizes total inclusion.
  13. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: people; Notes: The entire covenant community.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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