Numeri 7:7 (Numbers 7:7)

Posted on May 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 7:7 Duo plaustra et quattuor boves dedit filiis Gerson, iuxta id quod habebant necessarium.

Two carts and four oxen he gave to the sons of Gerson, according to what they had as necessary.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Duo two ACC.PL.N
2 plaustra carts ACC.PL.N
3 et and CONJ
4 quattuor four INDECL
5 boves oxen ACC.PL.M
6 dedit he gave 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
7 filiis to sons DAT.PL.M
8 Gerson Gershon GEN.SG INDECL
9 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
10 id that ACC.SG.N DEM
11 quod which ACC.SG.N REL
12 habebant they had 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
13 necessarium necessary ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Duo plaustra et quattuor boves dedit filiis Gerson — the coordinated objects duo plaustra and quattuor boves precede the verb dedit, with filiis Gerson as the indirect object.

Prepositional Phrase: iuxta id quod habebant necessarium expresses standard or measure.

Relative Clause: quod habebant necessarium modifies id, specifying what was needed.

Morphology

  1. Duo — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies plaustra; Translation: two; Notes: Cardinal number.
  2. plaustra — Lemma: plaustrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: carts; Notes: Transport units.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links objects; Translation: and; Notes: Connects items.
  4. quattuor — Lemma: quattuor; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies boves; Translation: four; Notes: Cardinal number.
  5. boves — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: oxen; Notes: Animals used for service.
  6. dedit — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he gave; Notes: Completed action.
  7. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to sons; Notes: Recipients.
  8. Gerson — Lemma: Gerson; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: modifies filiis; Translation: of Gerson; Notes: Identifies group.
  9. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces standard; Translation: according to; Notes: Indicates measure.
  10. id — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of preposition; Translation: that; Notes: Refers to requirement.
  11. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to necessity.
  12. habebant — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: verb of clause; Translation: they had; Notes: Ongoing past state.
  13. necessarium — Lemma: necessarius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: complement; Translation: necessary; Notes: Describes requirement.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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