Genesis 36:27

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:27 Hi quoque filii Eser: Balaan, et Zavan, et Acan.

These also are the sons of Eser: Balaan, and Zavan, and Acan.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Hi these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
2 quoque also ADV
3 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 Eser of Ezer PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
5 Balaan Bilhan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Zavan Zaavan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 Acan Akan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Hi quoque filii Eser —
The demonstrative pronoun Hi is the subject (“these”), filii functions as the predicate nominative (“are sons”), and Eser is in the genitive of possession (“of Ezer”). The adverb quoque (“also”) links this clause to the previous genealogical statement, showing inclusion in the ongoing lineage.

Appositive List: Balaan, et Zavan, et Acan —
A series of three nominative proper nouns connected by et, enumerating the sons of Ezer in classical genealogical style.

Morphology

  1. Hi — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of implied sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the individuals named subsequently, continuing the genealogical structure.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds inclusion; Translation: “also”; Notes: Reinforces continuity in the lineage listings (“these also”).
  3. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Indicates direct male descendants of the genitive name Eser.
  4. Eser — Lemma: Eser; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of Ezer”; Notes: Specifies the father in the genealogical formula.
  5. Balaan — Lemma: Balaan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filii; Translation: “Bilhan”; Notes: First of Ezer’s sons, consistent with Hebrew בִּלְהָן (Bilhan).
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins parallel nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Maintains polysyndetic listing typical of genealogies.
  7. Zavan — Lemma: Zavan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Zaavan”; Notes: Second son of Ezer; parallels Hebrew זַעֲוָן (Zaavan).
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates final noun; Translation: “and”; Notes: Introduces last name in list.
  9. Acan — Lemma: Acan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filii; Translation: “Akan”; Notes: Third son of Ezer; name corresponds to Hebrew עֲקָן (ʿAqan).

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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