Exodus 27:14

Posted on March 18, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 27:14 in quibus quindecim cubitorum tentoria lateri uno deputabuntur, columnæque tres et bases totidem:

In which, fifteen cubits of hangings shall be assigned to one side, and there shall be three columns and as many bases;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in in PREP+ABL
2 quibus in which ABL.PL.M/F/N PRON.REL
3 quindecim fifteen INVAR.NUM
4 cubitorum of cubits GEN.PL.M 4TH DECL
5 tentoria hangings NOM.PL.N 2ND DECL
6 lateri to the side DAT.SG.N 3RD DECL
7 uno one DAT.SG.N ADJ
8 deputabuntur shall be assigned 3PL.FUT.PASS.IND
9 columnæque and columns NOM.PL.F 1ST DECL + ENCLITIC -QUE
10 tres three NOM.PL.F INVAR.NUM
11 et and CONJ
12 bases bases NOM.PL.F 3RD DECL
13 totidem as many INVAR.ADJ

Syntax

Relative phrase: in quibus refers back to the eastern fifty-cubit width of the court.
The relative clause describes how that width is divided.

Main clause of distribution:
quindecim cubitorum tentoria lateri uno deputabuntur
— the subject is tentoria, qualified by the genitive measure quindecim cubitorum.
— the dative phrase lateri uno indicates assignment (“to one side”).
— the verb deputabuntur is future passive (“shall be assigned”).

Coordinate nominal clause:
columnæque tres gives the number of columns for that section,
followed by bases totidem, specifying that the bases are equal in number to the columns.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces the relative phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: spatial reference.
  2. quibus — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: refers to the eastern width; Translation: “in which”; Notes: ablative with in.
  3. quindecim — Lemma: quindecim; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: modifies cubitorum; Translation: “fifteen”; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  4. cubitorum — Lemma: cubitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, 4th declension; Function: genitive of measure; Translation: “of cubits”; Notes: expresses length.
  5. tentoria — Lemma: tentorium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter, 2nd declension; Function: subject of deputabuntur; Translation: “hangings”; Notes: linen screens of the court.
  6. lateri — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular neuter, 3rd declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to the side”; Notes: indicates assignment.
  7. uno — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: modifies lateri; Translation: “one”; Notes: clarifies which side.
  8. deputabuntur — Lemma: deputo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future indicative passive third person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “shall be assigned”; Notes: passive construction with dative of recipient.
  9. columnæque — Lemma: columna; Part of Speech: noun with enclitic -que; Form: nominative plural feminine, 1st declension; Function: subject of implied verb; Translation: “and columns”; Notes: enclitic joins to previous clause.
  10. tres — Lemma: tres; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: modifies columnæ; Translation: “three”; Notes: cardinal number.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: additive.
  12. bases — Lemma: basis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine, 3rd declension; Function: subject of implied verb; Translation: “bases”; Notes: structural supports.
  13. totidem — Lemma: totidem; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: invariable; Function: modifies bases; Translation: “as many”; Notes: expresses equivalence in number.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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