Exodus 30:11

Posted on March 21, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 30:11 Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens:

And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutusque and (he) spoke NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.DEP + ENCLITIC -QUE
2 est has 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND IRREG
3 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
4 ad to PREP+ACC INDECL
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M NOUN INDECL
6 dicens saying NOM.SG.M PTCP.PRES.ACT

Syntax

Main Clause: Locutusque est Dominus — perfect periphrastic construction meaning “the LORD spoke.”
Prepositional Phrase: ad Moysen — indicates the recipient of divine speech.
Participial Modifier: dicens — introduces the content of the speech to follow.

Morphology

  1. Locutusque — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: participle (deponent); Form: nominative singular masculine perfect participle with enclitic -que; Function: part of periphrastic verb phrase; Translation: and (he) spoke; Notes: deponent perfect participle paired with est forms the finite verb.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present indicative third singular; Function: auxiliary completing periphrastic construction; Translation: has; Notes: forms perfect sense with deponent participle.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH according to required translation convention.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: expresses direction of speech.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: Moses; Notes: Hebrew name in Latinized form.
  6. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine present active participle; Function: introduces reported speech; Translation: saying; Notes: formulaic marker of divine speech.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Exodus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.