Exodus 31:7

Posted on March 22, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 31:7 tabernaculum fœderis, et arcam testimonii, et propitiatorium, quod super eam est, et cuncta vasa tabernaculi,

the tabernacle of the covenant, and the ark of the testimony, and the propitiatory which is above it, and all the vessels of the tabernacle,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 tabernaculum the tabernacle ACC.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
2 fœderis of the covenant GEN.SG.N NOUN 3RD DECL
3 et and CONJ INDECL
4 arcam the ark ACC.SG.F NOUN 1ST DECL
5 testimonii of the testimony GEN.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
6 et and CONJ INDECL
7 propitiatorium the mercy seat ACC.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL
8 quod which NOM.SG.N PRON REL
9 super above PREP+ACC INDECL
10 eam it ACC.SG.F PRON PERS
11 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND IRREG
12 et and CONJ INDECL
13 cuncta all ACC.PL.N ADJ INDEF
14 vasa the vessels ACC.PL.N NOUN 2ND DECL
15 tabernaculi of the tabernacle GEN.SG.N NOUN 2ND DECL

Syntax

Coordinated Accusative Objects: tabernaculum fœderis, arcam testimonii, propitiatorium, cuncta vasa tabernaculi — all serve as objects governed by the unexpressed verb from context (“you shall anoint,” etc.).
Relative Clause: quod super eam est — modifies propitiatorium, specifying its position above the ark.
Prepositional Phrase: super eam — indicates spatial placement.
Genitives: fœderis, testimonii, tabernaculi — all dependent descriptive genitives.

Morphology

  1. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: the tabernacle; Notes: refers to the dwelling structure of the covenant.
  2. fœderis — Lemma: fœdus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: descriptive genitive; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: expresses divine covenant relationship.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: links parallel objects.
  4. arcam — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: coordinated object; Translation: the ark; Notes: container of the tablets.
  5. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of content; Translation: of the testimony; Notes: refers to the covenant tablets.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: links to next item.
  7. propitiatorium — Lemma: propitiatorium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: the mercy seat; Notes: cover of the ark, site of atonement.
  8. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers back to propitiatorium.
  9. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses location; Translation: above; Notes: spatial placement term.
  10. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of super; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the ark.
  11. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third singular; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: is; Notes: states fixed relationship.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: introduces final object.
  13. cuncta — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies vasa; Translation: all; Notes: comprehensive inclusion.
  14. vasa — Lemma: vas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: the vessels; Notes: refers to liturgical equipment.
  15. tabernaculi — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of the tabernacle; Notes: specifies their belonging to the sanctuary.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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