Exodus 33:17

Posted on March 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 33:17 Dixit autem Dominus ad Moysen: Et verbum istud, quod locutus es, faciam: invenisti enim gratiam coram me, et teipsum novi ex nomine.

And the LORD said to Moyses: “And this word which you have spoken, I will do; for you have found grace before Me, and I have known you by name.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixit said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND IRREG
2 autem however ADV
3 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M 3RD DECL
6 Et and CONJ
7 verbum word NOM.SG.N 2ND DECL
8 istud this NOM.SG.N DEM.PRON
9 quod which NOM.SG.N REL.PRON
10 locutus having spoken NOM.SG.M PTCP.PERF.DEP 3RD CONJ
11 es you are 2SG.PRES.ACT.IND IRREG
12 faciam I will do 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
13 invenisti you have found 2SG.PERF.ACT.IND 4TH CONJ
14 enim for ADV
15 gratiam grace ACC.SG.F 1ST DECL
16 coram before PREP+ABL
17 me me ABL.SG.1ST.PERS PRON
18 et and CONJ
19 teipsum yourself ACC.SG.M REFL.PRON
20 novi I have known 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND IRREG
21 ex from PREP+ABL
22 nomine name ABL.SG.N 3RD DECL

Syntax

Main Narrative Frame:
Dixit autem Dominus ad Moysen — “And the LORD said to Moses.”

First Clause:
Et verbum istud, quod locutus es, faciam — Relative clause “which you have spoken” modifies *verbum istud*.
Main verb *faciam* expresses divine agreement: “I will do.”

Reason Clause:
invenisti enim gratiam coram me — “for you have found grace before me.”

Additional Divine Declaration:
et teipsum novi ex nomine — “and I have known you by name”; idiom of intimate divine recognition.

Morphology

  1. Dixit — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: introduces divine speech; Translation: said; Notes: standard narrative verb.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adversative/explanatory particle; Translation: however; Notes: soft contrastive marker.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates direction; Translation: to; Notes: standard complement of speech verbs.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: indirect object with ad; Translation: Moses; Notes: recipient of speech.
  6. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects divine statements; Translation: and; Notes: narrative coordination.
  7. verbum — Lemma: verbum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of faciam; Translation: word; Notes: refers to Moses’ request.
  8. istud — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies verbum; Translation: this; Notes: emphasizes immediacy.
  9. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: agrees with verbum.
  10. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect deponent participle; Function: part of periphrastic verb with es; Translation: having spoken; Notes: deponent verb.
  11. es — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular present active indicative; Function: completes the perfect periphrastic; Translation: you are; Notes: auxiliary for deponent participle.
  12. faciam — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of divine promise; Translation: I will do; Notes: direct divine response.
  13. invenisti — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: grounds divine favor; Translation: you have found; Notes: perfective force.
  14. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: gives reason; Translation: for; Notes: explanatory particle.
  15. gratiam — Lemma: gratia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of invenisti; Translation: grace; Notes: divine favor.
  16. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates presence; Translation: before; Notes: literal “in the presence of.”
  17. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular; Function: object of coram; Translation: me; Notes: reference to the LORD.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: smooth coordination.
  19. teipsum — Lemma: tu + ipse; Part of Speech: reflexive/emphatic pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of novi; Translation: yourself; Notes: emphasizes personal divine knowledge.
  20. novi — Lemma: nosco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: I have known; Notes: perfect expresses established relationship.
  21. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates source; Translation: from; Notes: idiomatic “by name.”
  22. nomine — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: name; Notes: signals divine recognition.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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