Exodus 37:2

Posted on March 28, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 37:2 Et fecit illi coronam auream per gyrum,

And he made for it a golden crown all around,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 fecit he made 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 illi for it DAT.SG.F PRON.PERS
4 coronam a crown ACC.SG.F NOUN
5 auream golden ACC.SG.F ADJ
6 per around PREP+ACC
7 gyrum circuit / circumference ACC.SG.M NOUN

Syntax

Main Clause:
Et fecit illi coronam auream — “And he made for it a golden crown.”
• fecit = main verb.
• illi = dative indirect object referring to the ark.
• coronam auream = direct object + adjective.

Prepositional Phrase of Extent:
per gyrum — “all around.”
• per + accusative expresses encircling direction or extent.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links this action to the previous verse; Translation: and; Notes: continues the sequence of construction details.
  2. fecit — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he made; Notes: standard narrative perfect.
  3. illi — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: personal/demonstrative pronoun; Form: dative singular feminine; Function: indirect object; Translation: for it; Notes: refers to the ark (arca).
  4. coronam — Lemma: corona; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: crown; Notes: decorative molding around the ark’s top.
  5. auream — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies coronam; Translation: golden; Notes: denotes material.
  6. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses extent or direction; Translation: around; Notes: marks full encircling.
  7. gyrum — Lemma: gyrus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: circuit / circumference; Notes: indicates surrounding perimeter.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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