Exodus 37:27

Posted on March 28, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 37:27 Fecitque ei coronam aureolam per gyrum, et duos annulos aureos sub corona per singula latera, ut mittantur in eos vectes, et possit altare portari.

And he made for it a small golden crown all around, and two golden rings beneath the crown on each side, so that the poles may be inserted into them, and the altar may be carried.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Fecitque and he made 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 ei for it DAT.SG.M PRON.PERS
3 coronam a crown ACC.SG.F NOUN
4 aureolam small golden ACC.SG.F ADJ
5 per around PREP+ACC
6 gyrum circle ACC.SG.M NOUN
7 et and CONJ
8 duos two ACC.PL.M NUM
9 annulos rings ACC.PL.M NOUN
10 aureos golden ACC.PL.M ADJ
11 sub under PREP+ABL
12 corona the crown ABL.SG.F NOUN
13 per on PREP+ACC
14 singula each ACC.PL.N ADJ
15 latera sides ACC.PL.N NOUN
16 ut so that CONJ.SUBJ
17 mittantur may be inserted 3PL.PRES.SUBJ.PASS
18 in into PREP+ACC
19 eos them ACC.PL.M PRON.DEM
20 vectes poles ACC.PL.M NOUN
21 et and CONJ
22 possit may be able 3SG.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
23 altare altar NOM.SG.N NOUN
24 portari to be carried PRES.INF.PASS

Syntax

Main clause:
Fecitque ei coronam aureolam — “And he made for it a small golden crown.”
• Indirect object: ei.
• Direct object: coronam aureolam.

Adverbial phrase:
per gyrum — “around,” describing the placement of the crown.

Coordinated object:
et duos annulos aureos — “and two golden rings.”

Locative ablative:
sub corona — “beneath the crown.”

Distributive phrase:
per singula latera — “on each side.”

First purpose clause:
ut mittantur in eos vectes — “so that the poles may be inserted into them.”

Second purpose clause:
et possit altare portari — “and the altar may be carried.”

Morphology

  1. Fecitque — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular perfect active indicative + enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: and he made; Notes: -que attaches tightly to preceding word to continue the narrative.
  2. ei — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular masculine/neuter; Function: indirect object; Translation: for it; Notes: refers to the incense altar.
  3. coronam — Lemma: corona; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: crown; Notes: decorative molding.
  4. aureolam — Lemma: aureolus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies coronam; Translation: small golden; Notes: diminutive form expressing refinement.
  5. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: describes placement around an object; Translation: around; Notes: spatial extension.
  6. gyrum — Lemma: gyrus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of per; Translation: circle; Notes: indicates encircling form.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adds next object; Translation: and; Notes: coordinating device.
  8. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies annulos; Translation: two; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  9. annulos — Lemma: annulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: coordinated object; Translation: rings; Notes: metal loops for inserting poles.
  10. aureos — Lemma: aureus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies annulos; Translation: golden; Notes: denotes material.
  11. sub — Lemma: sub; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses position beneath; Translation: under; Notes: static location.
  12. corona — Lemma: corona; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: complement of sub; Translation: crown; Notes: refers to the upper molding.
  13. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses distributive relation; Translation: on; Notes: used with plurals to mean “on each.”
  14. singula — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies latera; Translation: each; Notes: distributive adjective.
  15. latera — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of per; Translation: sides; Notes: refers to altar sides.
  16. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: subordinating conjunction; Form: introduces subjunctive clause; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: so that; Notes: standard purpose marker.
  17. mittantur — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd plural present subjunctive passive; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: may be inserted; Notes: passive voice reflects placement of poles.
  18. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates motion toward; Translation: into; Notes: expresses direction.
  19. eos — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the rings.
  20. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: subject of passive verb; Translation: poles; Notes: transport poles used for carrying sacred objects.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins second purpose clause; Translation: and; Notes: links coordinated purposes.
  22. possit — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular present subjunctive active; Function: expresses capability as part of purpose; Translation: may be able; Notes: subjunctive in a subordinate clause of purpose.
  23. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of possit; Translation: the altar; Notes: incense altar previously described.
  24. portari — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be carried; Notes: expresses the intended result of installing the rings.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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