Leviticus 2:11

Posted on April 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 2:11 Omnis oblatio, quæ offeretur Domino, absque fermento fiet, nec quidquam fermenti ac mellis adolebitur in sacrificio Domino.

Every offering that shall be offered to the LORD shall be made without leaven, nor shall any leaven or honey be burned in a sacrifice to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnis every ADJ, NOM.SG.F, POS
2 oblatio offering NOUN, NOM.SG.F, 3RD DECL
3 quæ which PRON, NOM.SG.F, REL
4 offeretur shall be offered VERB, 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
5 Domino to the LORD NOUN, DAT.SG.M, 2ND DECL
6 absque without PREP+ABL
7 fermento leaven NOUN, ABL.SG.N, 2ND DECL
8 fiet shall be made VERB, 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
9 nec nor CONJ
10 quidquam anything PRON, NOM/ACC.SG.N, INDEF
11 fermenti of leaven NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 2ND DECL
12 ac and CONJ
13 mellis of honey NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 3RD DECL
14 adolebitur shall be burned VERB, 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
15 in in PREP+ABL
16 sacrificio in the sacrifice NOUN, ABL.SG.N, 2ND DECL
17 Domino to the LORD NOUN, DAT.SG.M, 2ND DECL

Syntax

Main Subject: Omnis oblatio — “every offering,” feminine singular.
Relative Clause: quæ offeretur Domino — modifies oblatio, indicating offerings destined “to the LORD.”
Main Predicate: absque fermento fiet — the offering “shall be made without leaven,” with fiet as the future passive verb.
Negative Coordinated Clause: nec quidquam fermenti ac mellis adolebitur — prohibits burning any leaven or honey.
Prepositional Phrase: in sacrificio Domino — specifies the cultic context: “in a sacrifice to the LORD.”

Morphology

  1. Omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies oblatio; Translation: every; Notes: generalizes the rule to all grain offerings.
  2. oblatio — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: offering; Notes: refers to grain offerings or contributions.
  3. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine relative; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: binds the offering to its ritual context.
  4. offeretur — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall be offered; Notes: expresses required future ritual action.
  5. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  6. absque — Lemma: absque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: exclusion (“without”); Translation: without; Notes: used for ritual prohibitions.
  7. fermento — Lemma: fermentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of absque; Translation: leaven; Notes: leaven symbolizes corruption in cultic law.
  8. fiet — Lemma: fio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be made; Notes: future obligation regarding sacrificial preparation.
  9. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative connective; Translation: nor; Notes: extends prohibition.
  10. quidquam — Lemma: quidquam; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter indefinite; Function: subject of adolebitur; Translation: anything; Notes: reinforces total prohibition.
  11. fermenti — Lemma: fermentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of material; Translation: of leaven; Notes: indicates prohibited substance.
  12. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links fermented and sweetened substances; Translation: and; Notes: stylistic variant of et in elevated/legal style.
  13. mellis — Lemma: mel; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of substance; Translation: of honey; Notes: honey was associated with fermentation and thus prohibited from burning.
  14. adolebitur — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: verb of prohibition; Translation: shall be burned; Notes: expresses forbidden ritual action.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative phrase; Translation: in; Notes: sets sacrificial context.
  16. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: in the sacrifice; Notes: specifies ritual setting.
  17. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: designates YHWH as the one to whom sacrifices are directed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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