Leviticus 10:3

Posted on April 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 10:3 Dixitque Moyses ad Aaron: Hoc est quod locutus est Dominus: Sanctificabor in iis, qui appropinquant mihi, et in conspectu omnis populi glorificabor. Quod audiens tacuit Aaron.

And Moyses said to Aaron: “This is what the LORD spoke: ‘I shall be sanctified among those who draw near to me and before all the people I shall be glorified.’” And hearing this Aaron was silent.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixitque and said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND+CONJ
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 ad to PREP+ACC
4 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
5 Hoc this DEM.NOM.SG.N
6 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 quod what REL.NOM.SG.N
8 locutus spoken PTCP.PERF.DEP.NOM.SG.M
9 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
10 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
11 Sanctificabor I shall be sanctified 1SG.FUT.PASS.IND
12 in among PREP+ABL
13 iis those DEM.ABL.PL.M
14 qui who REL.NOM.PL.M
15 appropinquant draw near 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
16 mihi to me DAT.SG
17 et and CONJ
18 in before PREP+ABL
19 conspectu the sight ABL.SG.M
20 omnis of all GEN.SG.M
21 populi the people GEN.SG.M
22 glorificabor I shall be glorified 1SG.FUT.PASS.IND
23 Quod which REL.ACC.SG.N
24 audiens hearing PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
25 tacuit was silent 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
26 Aaron Aaron NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Speech Introduction: Dixitque Moyses ad Aaron — narrator introduces direct speech
Equative Clause: Hoc est quod locutus est Dominus — identifies the divine saying
Future Passives: Sanctificabor and glorificabor — divine self-declaration
Relative Clause: qui appropinquant mihi — those approaching YHWH
Prepositional Phrase: in conspectu omnis populi — public sphere of glorification
Concluding Reaction: Quod audiens tacuit Aaron — silent acceptance

Morphology

  1. Dixitque — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb with enclitic conjunction; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: and said; Notes: Introduces authoritative speech.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject; Translation: Moses; Notes: Mediator of the divine word.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the accusative; Function: direction; Translation: to; Notes: Marks the addressee.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: Aaron; Notes: High priest addressed.
  5. Hoc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject of est; Translation: this; Notes: Points to the content of the saying.
  6. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Equative linkage.
  7. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: introduces content clause; Translation: what; Notes: Refers to the following divine words.
  8. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent verb participle; Form: perfect nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate participle; Translation: spoken; Notes: Deponent with active sense.
  9. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: Completes the periphrastic expression.
  10. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular second declension; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  11. Sanctificabor — Lemma: sanctifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb of divine speech; Translation: I shall be sanctified; Notes: YHWH asserts his holiness.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: sphere; Translation: among; Notes: Indicates the relational context.
  13. iis — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative masculine plural; Function: object of in; Translation: those; Notes: Refers to approaching priests.
  14. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Introduces defining clause.
  15. appropinquant — Lemma: appropinquo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: draw near; Notes: Cultic approach to YHWH.
  16. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to me; Notes: First-person divine reference.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins parallel clauses.
  18. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs the ablative; Function: location; Translation: before; Notes: Public visibility.
  19. conspectu — Lemma: conspectus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular fourth declension; Function: object of in; Translation: the sight; Notes: Public presence.
  20. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: modifies populi; Translation: of all; Notes: Totality emphasized.
  21. populi — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular second declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: the people; Notes: The entire congregation.
  22. glorificabor — Lemma: glorifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future passive indicative; Function: parallel main verb; Translation: I shall be glorified; Notes: Divine honor publicly manifested.
  23. Quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object of perception; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to the preceding declaration.
  24. audiens — Lemma: audio; Part of Speech: verb participle; Form: present active participle nominative masculine singular; Function: circumstantial participle; Translation: hearing; Notes: Indicates reception of the word.
  25. tacuit — Lemma: taceo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: was silent; Notes: Expresses submission and restraint.
  26. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject; Translation: Aaron; Notes: Silent acceptance by the high priest.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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