Leviticus 11:25

Posted on April 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:25 et si necesse fuerit ut portet quippiam horum mortuum, lavabit vestimenta sua, et immundus erit usque ad occasum solis.

and if it is necessary that he carry anything of these that is dead, he shall wash his garments, and shall be unclean until the setting of the sun.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 necesse necessary NOM.SG.N
4 fuerit shall have been 3SG.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
5 ut that CONJ
6 portet he carry 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
7 quippiam anything ACC.SG.N.INDEF
8 horum of these GEN.PL
9 mortuum dead ACC.SG.N
10 lavabit he shall wash 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
11 vestimenta garments ACC.PL.N
12 sua his ACC.PL.N.POSS
13 et and CONJ
14 immundus unclean NOM.SG.M
15 erit will be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
16 usque until PREP+ACC
17 ad to PREP+ACC
18 occasum setting ACC.SG.M
19 solis of the sun GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Frame: si necesse fuerit — introduces a contingent circumstance
Substantive Clause: ut portet quippiam horum mortuum — specifies the action requiring regulation
Main Consequence: lavabit vestimenta sua — required purification act
Resulting Status: immundus erit — legal state following contact
Temporal Limit: usque ad occasum solis — duration of impurity

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Connects this regulation to the previous rule.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: conditional marker; Translation: if; Notes: Introduces a real conditional situation.
  3. necesse — Lemma: necesse; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: predicate of necessity; Translation: necessary; Notes: Expresses obligation arising from circumstance.
  4. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: shall have been; Notes: Used with si to describe a prospective condition.
  5. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces a substantive clause; Translation: that; Notes: Governs a subjunctive clause of content.
  6. portet — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of the ut clause; Translation: he carry; Notes: Describes the act necessitating purification.
  7. quippiam — Lemma: quippiam; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: direct object; Translation: anything; Notes: Non specific object within the prohibited class.
  8. horum — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive plural; Function: partitive modifier; Translation: of these; Notes: Refers to the animals previously defined.
  9. mortuum — Lemma: mortuus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: modifier of quippiam; Translation: dead; Notes: Specifies a carcass rather than a living creature.
  10. lavabit — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall wash; Notes: Prescribes ritual cleansing.
  11. vestimenta — Lemma: vestimentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: direct object; Translation: garments; Notes: Clothing subject to impurity.
  12. sua — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: modifier of vestimenta; Translation: his; Notes: Refers back to the individual involved.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins consequence clauses.
  14. immundus — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: Legal status of ritual impurity.
  15. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: will be; Notes: Establishes the duration of impurity.
  16. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative with ad; Function: temporal limit; Translation: until; Notes: Marks the end point of impurity.
  17. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: directional time marker; Translation: to; Notes: Completes the temporal phrase.
  18. occasum — Lemma: occasus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: setting; Notes: Refers to sunset as the legal boundary.
  19. solis — Lemma: sol; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of the sun; Notes: Specifies the celestial marker for evening.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Leviticus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.