Leviticus 15:19

Posted on April 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 15:19 Mulier, quæ redeunte mense patitur fluxum sanguinis, septem diebus separabitur.

A woman, who during the returning month suffers a flow of blood, shall be set apart for seven days.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Mulier woman NOM.SG.F
2 quæ who NOM.SG.F REL.PRON
3 redeunte returning ABL.SG.M PRES.ACT.PTCP
4 mense month ABL.SG.M
5 patitur suffers 3SG.PRES.DEP.IND
6 fluxum flow ACC.SG.M
7 sanguinis of blood GEN.SG.M
8 septem seven INDECL.NUM
9 diebus days ABL.PL.M
10 separabitur shall be separated 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Main Subject: Mulier is the legal subject.
Relative Clause: quæ redeunte mense patitur fluxum sanguinis defines the physiological condition.
Ablative of Time: redeunte mense indicates the recurring menstrual period.
Predicate: separabitur states the required ritual consequence.
Duration: septem diebus specifies the length of separation.

Morphology

  1. Mulier — Lemma: mulier; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: woman; Notes: Adult female individual.
  2. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers back to mulier.
  3. redeunte — Lemma: redeo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular masculine present active; Function: modifies mense; Translation: returning; Notes: Indicates cyclical recurrence.
  4. mense — Lemma: mensis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: month; Notes: Temporal reference for the cycle.
  5. patitur — Lemma: patior; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present deponent indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: suffers; Notes: Deponent form with active meaning.
  6. fluxum — Lemma: fluxus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: flow; Notes: Refers to bodily discharge.
  7. sanguinis — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of blood; Notes: Specifies the nature of the flow.
  8. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: seven; Notes: Standard ritual duration.
  9. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of duration; Translation: days; Notes: Length of separation.
  10. separabitur — Lemma: separo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative passive; Function: main predicate; Translation: shall be separated; Notes: Passive emphasizes imposed status.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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