Numeri 18:15 (Numbers 18:15)

Posted on May 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 18:15 Quidquid primum erumpit e vulva cunctæ carnis, quam offerunt Domino, sive ex hominibus, sive de pecoribus fuerit, tui iuris erit: ita dumtaxat, ut pro hominis primogenito pretium accipias, et omne animal quod immundum est, redimi facias,

Whatever first comes forth from the womb of all flesh, which they offer to the LORD, whether from men or from livestock, shall be under your right; only in this way, that you receive a payment for the firstborn of man, and cause every unclean animal to be redeemed,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quidquid whatever NOM.SG.N.INDEF
2 primum first ADV
3 erumpit comes forth 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 e from PREP+ABL
5 vulva womb ABL.SG.F
6 cunctæ of all GEN.SG.F
7 carnis flesh GEN.SG.F
8 quam which ACC.SG.F.REL
9 offerunt they offer 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
10 Domino to LORD DAT.SG.M
11 sive whether CONJ
12 ex from PREP+ABL
13 hominibus men ABL.PL.M
14 sive or whether CONJ
15 de from PREP+ABL
16 pecoribus livestock ABL.PL.N
17 fuerit shall have been 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
18 tui of your GEN.SG.N.POSS
19 iuris right GEN.SG.N
20 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
21 ita thus ADV
22 dumtaxat only ADV
23 ut that CONJ
24 pro for PREP+ABL
25 hominis of man GEN.SG.M
26 primogenito firstborn ABL.SG.M
27 pretium payment ACC.SG.N
28 accipias you may receive 2SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
29 et and CONJ
30 omne every ACC.SG.N
31 animal animal ACC.SG.N
32 quod which NOM.SG.N.REL
33 immundum unclean NOM.SG.N
34 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
35 redimi to be redeemed PRES.PASS.INF
36 facias you may cause 2SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ

Syntax

Main Clause: Quidquid … erit
→ Quidquid (subject)
→ erumpit (verb within descriptive clause)
→ erit (main copulative verb)
→ tui iuris (predicate genitive expressing possession or legal right)

Prepositional Phrase: e vulva cunctæ carnis — source

Relative Clause: quam offerunt Domino
→ offerunt (verb)
→ quam (object)
→ Domino (dative of recipient)

Alternative Construction: sive ex hominibus sive de pecoribus — distributive alternatives

Restriction Clause: ita dumtaxat — limiting condition

Subordinate Clause: ut … accipias … et … facias
→ accipias and facias (subjunctive verbs)
→ pretium (direct object of accipias)
→ redimi (passive infinitive dependent on facias)

Morphology

  1. Quidquid — Lemma: quidquid; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject; Translation: whatever; Notes: unrestricted reference.
  2. primum — Lemma: primum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies erumpit; Translation: first; Notes: indicates first emergence.
  3. erumpit — Lemma: erumpo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, third person singular; Function: verb; Translation: comes forth; Notes: vivid emergence imagery.
  4. e — Lemma: e; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: origin point.
  5. vulva — Lemma: vulva; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine, first declension; Function: object of e; Translation: womb; Notes: biological source of birth.
  6. cunctæ — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies carnis; Translation: of all; Notes: universal scope.
  7. carnis — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine, third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: flesh; Notes: living creatures generally.
  8. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object in relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to offering.
  9. offerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, third person plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: they offer; Notes: sacrificial presentation.
  10. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  11. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces alternative; Translation: whether; Notes: distributive alternative.
  12. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: origin.
  13. hominibus — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, third declension; Function: object of ex; Translation: men; Notes: human beings.
  14. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces second alternative; Translation: or whether; Notes: paired alternative structure.
  15. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: source relation.
  16. pecoribus — Lemma: pecus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter, third declension; Function: object of de; Translation: livestock; Notes: domesticated animals.
  17. fuerit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative, third person singular; Function: verb of conditional-descriptive clause; Translation: shall have been; Notes: completed future condition.
  18. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective used substantively; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies iuris; Translation: of your; Notes: legal possession.
  19. iuris — Lemma: ius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, third declension; Function: predicate genitive; Translation: right; Notes: legal entitlement.
  20. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative, third person singular; Function: copulative verb; Translation: shall be; Notes: future state.
  21. ita — Lemma: ita; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies clause; Translation: thus; Notes: introduces limitation.
  22. dumtaxat — Lemma: dumtaxat; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: restrictive modifier; Translation: only; Notes: limits application.
  23. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating; Function: introduces subordinate clause; Translation: that; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  24. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates substitution; Translation: for; Notes: exchange relation.
  25. hominis — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine, third declension; Function: modifies primogenito; Translation: of man; Notes: human category.
  26. primogenito — Lemma: primogenitus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of pro; Translation: firstborn; Notes: eldest offspring.
  27. pretium — Lemma: pretium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: payment; Notes: redemption price.
  28. accipias — Lemma: accipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive, second person singular; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: you may receive; Notes: dependent on ut.
  29. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins verbs; Translation: and; Notes: additive continuation.
  30. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies animal; Translation: every; Notes: comprehensive scope.
  31. animal — Lemma: animal; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: animal; Notes: living creature.
  32. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject in relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to animal.
  33. immundum — Lemma: immundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: unclean; Notes: ritually impure.
  34. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, third person singular; Function: copulative verb; Translation: is; Notes: links subject and predicate.
  35. redimi — Lemma: redimo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to be redeemed; Notes: redemption action.
  36. facias — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive, second person singular; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: you may cause; Notes: causative force.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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