Author Archives: Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.

Exodus 22:25

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:25 Si pecuniam mutuam dederis populo meo pauperi qui habitat tecum, non urgebis eum quasi exactor, nec usuris opprimes. If you lend money to my people, to the poor man who dwells with you, you shall not press him … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:24

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:24 et indignabitur furor meus, percutiamque vos gladio, et erunt uxores vestræ viduæ, et filii vestri pupilli. and my fury shall grow angry, and I will strike you with the sword, and your wives shall be widows, and your … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:23

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:23 Si læseritis eos, vociferabuntur ad me, et ego audiam clamorem eorum: If you harm them, they will cry out to me, and I will hear their cry; # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Si if CONJ.INDECL 2 læseritis … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:22

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:22 Viduæ et pupillo non nocebitis. You shall not harm the widow or the orphan. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Viduæ to the widow NOUN.DAT.SG.F.1ST DECL 2 et and CONJ.INDECL 3 pupillo to the orphan NOUN.DAT.SG.M.2ND DECL 4 … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:21

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:21 Advenam non contristabis, neque affliges eum: advenæ enim et ipsi fuistis in Terra Ægypti. You shall not mistreat a sojourner, nor shall you afflict him; for you yourselves were sojourners in the Land of Egypt. # Latin Gloss … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:20

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:20 Qui immolat diis, occidetur, præterquam Domino soli. Whoever sacrifices to gods shall be put to death, except to the LORD alone. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Qui whoever PRON.NOM.SG.M.REL 2 immolat sacrifices 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND.1ST CONJ 3 diis to … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:19

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:19 Qui coierit cum iumento, morte moriatur. Whoever has intercourse with a beast shall surely be put to death. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Qui whoever PRON.NOM.SG.M.REL 2 coierit has had intercourse 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND.IRREG 3 cum with PREP+ABL 4 … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:18

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:18 Maleficos non patieris vivere. you shall not allow sorcerers to live. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Maleficos sorcerers NOUN.ACC.PL.M.2ND DECL 2 non not ADV.INDECL 3 patieris you shall allow 2SG.FUT.DEP.IND.3RD CONJ 4 vivere to live INF.PRES.ACT Syntax … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:17

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

17 Si pater virginis dare noluerit, reddet pecuniam iuxta modum dotis, quam virgines accipere consueverunt. If the father of the virgin is unwilling to give her, he shall pay money according to the amount of the dowry which virgins are … Continue reading →

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Exodus 22:16

Posted on March 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 22:16 Si seduxerit quis virginem necdum desponsatam, dormieritque cum ea: dotabit eam, et habebit eam uxorem. if someone has seduced a virgin not yet betrothed, and has slept with her, he shall endow her and shall have her as … Continue reading →

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