Author Archives: Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.

Exodus 21:31

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:31 Filium quoque et filiam si cornu percusserit, simili sententiæ subiacebit. If he strikes a son or a daughter with the horn, he shall be subject to a similar judgment. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Filium son NOUN.ACC.SG.M.2ND … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:30

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:30 Quod si pretium fuerit ei impositum, dabit pro anima sua quidquid fuerit postulatus. But if a price has been imposed upon him, he shall give for his life whatever he has been asked. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:29

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:29 Quod si bos cornupeta fuerit ab heri et nudiustertius, et contestati sunt dominum eius, nec recluserit eum, occideritque virum aut mulierem: et bos lapidibus obruetur, et dominum eius occident. But if the ox has been one that gores … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:28

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:28 Si bos cornu percusserit virum aut mulierem, et mortui fuerint, lapidibus obruetur: et non comedentur carnes eius, dominus quoque bovis innocens erit. If an ox gores a man or a woman with the horn and they die, the … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:27

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:27 Dentem quoque si excusserit servo vel ancillæ suæ, similiter dimittet eos liberos. If he also knocks out the tooth of his male servant or of his female servant, he shall likewise release them free. # Latin Gloss Grammar … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:26

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:26 Si percusserit quispiam oculum servi sui aut ancillæ, et luscos eos fecerit, dimittet eos liberos pro oculo quem eruit. If anyone strikes the eye of his male servant or of his female servant and makes them one-eyed, he … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:25

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:25 adustionem pro adustione, vulnus pro vulnere, livorem pro livore. burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise. # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 adustionem burn ACC.SG.F 3RD DECL NOUN 2 pro for PREP+ABL PREP 3 adustione burn … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:24

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:24 oculum pro oculo, dentem pro dente, manum pro manu, pedem pro pede, Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 oculum eye ACC.SG.M 2ND DECL NOUN 2 pro … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:23

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:23 Sin autem mors eius fuerit subsecuta, reddet animam pro anima, But if his death has followed, he shall give life for life, # Latin Gloss Grammar Tag 1 Sin but if CONJ INDECL 2 autem however ADV INDECL … Continue reading →

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Exodus 21:22

Posted on March 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 21:22 Si rixati fuerint viri, et percusserit quis mulierem prægnantem, et abortivum quidem fecerit, sed ipsa vixerit: subiacebit damno quantum maritus mulieris expetierit, et arbitri iudicaverint. If men have quarreled, and someone strikes a pregnant woman, and a miscarriage … Continue reading →

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