Exodus 29:15

Posted on March 20, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 29:15 Unum quoque arietem sumes, super cuius caput ponent Aaron et filii eius manus.

And you shall take also one ram, upon whose head Aaron and his sons shall place their hands.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Unum one ADJ ACC.SG.M POS
2 quoque also ADV INDECL
3 arietem ram NOUN ACC.SG.M 3RD DECL
4 sumes you shall take VERB 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
5 super upon PREP+ACC INDECL
6 cuius whose PRON REL GEN.SG.M
7 caput head NOUN ACC.SG.N 3RD DECL
8 ponent they shall place VERB 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND 3RD CONJ
9 Aaron Aaron NOUN NOM.SG.M INDECL
10 et and CONJ INDECL
11 filii sons NOUN NOM.PL.M 2ND DECL
12 eius his PRON POSS GEN.SG.M
13 manus hands NOUN ACC.PL.F 4TH DECL

Syntax

Main Verb Phrase:
Unum quoque arietem sumes — sumes is the main command; Unum arietem is its direct object, modified by quoque (“also”).

Prepositional + Relative Clause:
super cuius caput — super governs caput, while cuius relates back to arietem (“upon whose head”).

Action Performed by Subjects:
ponent Aaron et filii eius manus — Aaron et filii eius is a compound subject; ponent is the verb; manus is direct object.

Morphology

  1. Unum — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective (numeral); Form: accusative singular masculine, positive degree; Function: modifies arietem; Translation: one; Notes: specifies the individual ram used in the ritual.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds the ram to prior ritual items; Translation: also; Notes: emphasizes continuation of sacrificial sequence.
  3. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, 3rd declension; Function: direct object of sumes; Translation: ram; Notes: the ram for priestly consecration.
  4. sumes — Lemma: sumo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person singular, 3rd conjugation; Function: main verb of command; Translation: you shall take; Notes: continues the consecration instructions.
  5. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces location phrase; Translation: upon; Notes: spatial preposition marking where hands are placed.
  6. cuius — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies caput, relates back to arietem; Translation: whose; Notes: forms relative clause describing the ram.
  7. caput — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, 3rd declension; Function: object of preposition super; Translation: head; Notes: site for laying on of hands.
  8. ponent — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third person plural, 3rd conjugation; Function: verb of action by Aaron and sons; Translation: they shall place; Notes: part of ritual identification with the sacrifice.
  9. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, indeclinable; Function: part of compound subject; Translation: Aaron; Notes: high priest.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links Aaron with filii eius; Translation: and; Notes: joins two subjects equally.
  11. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine, 2nd declension; Function: subject with Aaron; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to Aaron’s priestly sons.
  12. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: his; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  13. manus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, 4th declension; Function: direct object of ponent; Translation: hands; Notes: signifies identification placed upon the sacrificial ram.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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