Exodus 8:11

Posted on February 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 8:11 Et recedent ranæ a te, et a domo tua, et a servis tuis, et a populo tuo: et tantum in flumine remanebunt.

And the frogs will withdraw from you, and from your house, and from your servants, and from your people, and they will remain only in the river.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 recedent they will withdraw 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 ranæ frogs NOM.PL.F
4 a from PREP+ABL
5 te you ABL.SG.PRON
6 et and CONJ
7 a from PREP+ABL
8 domo house ABL.SG.F
9 tua your ABL.SG.F.POSS
10 et and CONJ
11 a from PREP+ABL
12 servis servants ABL.PL.M
13 tuis your ABL.PL.M.POSS
14 et and CONJ
15 a from PREP+ABL
16 populo people ABL.SG.M
17 tuo your ABL.SG.M.POSS
18 et and CONJ
19 tantum only ADV
20 in in PREP+ABL
21 flumine river ABL.SG.N
22 remanebunt they will remain 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main clause:
• Et recedent ranæ — Subject: ranæ; Verb: recedent.
Meaning: the frogs will move away / withdraw.

Series of ablatives of separation:
• a te — “from you” (Pharaoh)
• et a domo tua — “and from your house”
• et a servis tuis — “and from your servants”
• et a populo tuo — “and from your people”

Second clause (resulting limitation):
• et tantum in flumine remanebunt — coordinated with the first clause by et.
Subject still: ranæ (understood).
Verb: remanebunt (future).
Locative phrase: in flumine.
Adverb: tantum limits presence to the river alone.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable coordinating conjunction; Function: links this sentence with the preceding context; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive connector introducing the next narrative step.
  2. recedent — Lemma: recedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: main finite verb of the clause; Translation: they will withdraw; Notes: future tense describes the promised removal of the frogs.
  3. ranæ — Lemma: rana; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject of recedent; Translation: frogs; Notes: refers specifically to the frogs of the plague.
  4. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces ablative of separation; Translation: from; Notes: marks those from whom the frogs will be removed.
  5. te — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: ablative singular; Function: object of the preposition a; Translation: you; Notes: refers to Pharaoh as the first beneficiary of the removal.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates a second ablative phrase with a te; Translation: and; Notes: continues the parallel list of those relieved.
  7. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: with ablative; Function: introduces another ablative of separation; Translation: from; Notes: maintains the same prepositional structure for stylistic parallelism.
  8. domo — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of a, marking the place from which frogs depart; Translation: house; Notes: refers to Pharaoh’s household or palace.
  9. tua — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies domo; Translation: your; Notes: agrees with domo in case, gender, and number, connecting the house explicitly to Pharaoh.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates the next ablative phrase in the series; Translation: and; Notes: keeps the list of affected groups rhythmically parallel.
  11. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: again introduces ablative of separation; Translation: from; Notes: unchanged in meaning, reinforcing the repetitive pattern.
  12. servis — Lemma: servus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of a, indicating those from whom the frogs will be removed; Translation: servants; Notes: likely Pharaoh’s officials or attendants.
  13. tuis — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: modifies servis; Translation: your; Notes: shows that those servants belong to Pharaoh personally.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces the final ablative phrase completing the series; Translation: and; Notes: maintains symmetrical listing.
  15. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: with ablative; Function: introduces last ablative of separation; Translation: from; Notes: same construction as in previous segments.
  16. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of a, representing the broader population; Translation: people; Notes: refers to Pharaoh’s people, the Egyptians.
  17. tuo — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies populo; Translation: your; Notes: emphasizes Pharaoh’s responsibility over his nation.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates a second clause with the first; Translation: and; Notes: now moves from removal to the new state of the frogs.
  19. tantum — Lemma: tantum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: limits the action of remanebunt; Translation: only; Notes: signals that the frogs’ presence will be restricted to one location.
  20. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative (with static sense); Function: introduces a locative phrase; Translation: in; Notes: here indicates place where the frogs will continue to exist.
  21. flumine — Lemma: flumen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of the preposition in; Translation: river; Notes: contextually the Nile, the original habitat affected by the plague.
  22. remanebunt — Lemma: remaneo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb of the second clause, with implied subject “frogs”; Translation: they will remain; Notes: future describes the ongoing but limited persistence of the frogs.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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