Exodus 8:10

Posted on February 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 8:10 Qui respondit: Cras. At ille: Iuxta, inquit, verbum tuum faciam: ut scias quoniam non est sicut Dominus Deus noster.

And he replied: “Tomorrow.” But he said: “According to your word I will do, so that you may know that there is none like the LORD our God.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Qui who NOM.SG.M.REL
2 respondit replied 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Cras tomorrow ADV
4 At but CONJ
5 ille he NOM.SG.M.PRON
6 Iuxta according to PREP+ACC
7 inquit he says 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
8 verbum word ACC.SG.N
9 tuum your ACC.SG.N.POSS
10 faciam I will do 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
11 ut so that CONJ
12 scias you may know 2SG.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
13 quoniam because/that CONJ
14 non not ADV
15 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
16 sicut like CONJ/ADV
17 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
18 Deus God NOM.SG.M
19 noster our NOM.SG.M.POSS

Syntax

Main clause 1:
• Qui respondit — relative pronoun Qui as subject; respondit as verb.
• Cras is an adverb functioning as the reply.

Main clause 2:
• At ille — new subject.
• Iuxta … verbum tuum faciam — “According to your word I will do.”
• Prepositional phrase: Iuxta verbum tuum
• Verb: faciam (future).

Purpose clause:
• ut scias — purpose with subjunctive.

Content clause:
• quoniam non est sicut Dominus Deus noster
• Verb: est
• Negative adverb: non
• Comparison: sicut
• Nominative subject: Dominus Deus noster

Morphology

  1. Qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of respondit; Translation: who; Notes: refers to Pharaoh.
  2. respondit — Lemma: respondeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of reply; Translation: replied; Notes: perfect expresses completed speech.
  3. Cras — Lemma: cras; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: temporal adverb giving the time; Translation: tomorrow; Notes: monosyllabic adverb.
  4. At — Lemma: at; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a contrasting clause; Translation: but; Notes: marks shift to Moses’ reply.
  5. ille — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of inquit; Translation: he; Notes: demonstrative pronoun.
  6. Iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: forms prepositional phrase with verbum; Translation: according to; Notes: preposition of conformity.
  7. inquit — Lemma: inquam; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of speaking; Translation: he says; Notes: historic present typical in narrative dialogue.
  8. verbum — Lemma: verbum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: word; Notes: neuter second declension.
  9. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies verbum; Translation: your; Notes: agrees with neuter verbum.
  10. faciam — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st person singular future active indicative; Function: predicate of Moses’ promise; Translation: I will do; Notes: future shows commitment.
  11. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: governs subjunctive scias.
  12. scias — Lemma: scio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: you may know; Notes: expresses intended effect.
  13. quoniam — Lemma: quoniam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces causal/content clause; Translation: that; Notes: introduces the truth Moses asserts.
  14. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates est; Translation: not; Notes: standard negation.
  15. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: main verb of clause; Translation: is; Notes: equative verb.
  16. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: conjunction/adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces comparison; Translation: like; Notes: compares the LORD with others.
  17. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: first nominative of the subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  18. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: second nominative in apposition; Translation: God; Notes: forms compound divine title.
  19. noster — Lemma: noster; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deus (and implicitly Dominus); Translation: our; Notes: first person plural possession.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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