Exodus 8:30

Posted on February 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 8:30 Egressusque Moyses a Pharaone, oravit Dominum.

And Moyses, having gone out from Pharao, prayed to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Egressusque and having gone out NOM.SG.M.PERF.ACT.PPL + ENCLITIC
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 a from PREP+ABL
4 Pharaone Pharao ABL.SG.M
5 oravit prayed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
6 Dominum the LORD ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Circumstantial Participial Phrase:
Egressusque Moyses a Pharaone — “And Moyses, having gone out from Pharao”
• Egressus — perfect active participle modifying Moyses
• a Pharaone — ablative of separation

Main Clause:
oravit Dominum — Finite verb + direct object
• oravit — main verb
• Dominum — direct object (“the LORD”)

Morphology

  1. Egressusque — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: participle + enclitic; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect active participle + -que; Function: circumstantial participle modifying Moyses; Translation: “and having gone out”; Notes: -que links this action with the narrative sequence.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of oravit; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: Identifies the praying subject.
  3. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: “from”; Notes: Used before consonant.
  4. Pharaone — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: complement of a; Translation: “Pharao”; Notes: Indicates source of departure.
  5. oravit — Lemma: oro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “prayed”; Notes: Describes the supplicatory act directed to God.
  6. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of oravit; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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