Genesis 26:12

Posted on January 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 26:12 Sevit autem Isaac in terra illa, et invenit in ipso anno centuplum: benedixitque ei Dominus.

And Isaac sowed in that land, and in that same year he found a hundredfold; and the LORD blessed him.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sevit sowed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 autem but / and CONJ
3 Isaac Isaac NOUN.NOM.SG.M
4 in in PREP+ABL
5 terra land NOUN.ABL.SG.F
6 illa that DEM.ADJ.ABL.SG.F
7 et and CONJ
8 invenit found 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 in in PREP+ABL
10 ipso same DEM.PRON.ABL.SG.M
11 anno year NOUN.ABL.SG.M
12 centuplum a hundredfold NOUN.ACC.SG.N
13 benedixitque and blessed 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
14 ei him PRON.DAT.SG.M
15 Dominus LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clauses: Sevit autem Isaac in terra illa — statement of action (subject: Isaac, verb: sevit, prepositional phrase: in terra illa).
et invenit in ipso anno centuplum — result clause expressing outcome of his labor.
benedixitque ei Dominus — another main clause indicating divine favor.
Subjects: Isaac (for sevit and invenit), Dominus (for benedixitque).
Objects: centuplum — direct object of invenit; ei — indirect object of benedixit.
Phrases: in terra illa and in ipso anno — both prepositional phrases giving location and time.

Morphology

  1. Sevit — Lemma: sero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd person singular; Function: main verb of first clause; Translation: “sowed”; Notes: Indicates completed agricultural action by Isaac.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: transitional conjunction; Translation: “and / but”; Notes: Often used for mild contrast or continuation.
  3. Isaac — Lemma: Isaac; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of sevit and invenit; Translation: “Isaac”; Notes: Central figure performing the action.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces locative phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: Indicates place where sowing occurred.
  5. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “land”; Notes: Refers to the region of Gerar.
  6. illa — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies terra; Translation: “that”; Notes: Emphasizes the same land mentioned earlier.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: joins clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects sequential actions.
  8. invenit — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd person singular; Function: main verb of result clause; Translation: “found”; Notes: Indicates successful outcome of sowing.
  9. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces temporal phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: Marks time frame of blessing.
  10. ipso — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies anno; Translation: “same”; Notes: Emphasizes the immediacy of divine reward.
  11. anno — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “year”; Notes: Refers to the agricultural cycle.
  12. centuplum — Lemma: centuplum; Part of Speech: noun (substantive); Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of invenit; Translation: “a hundredfold”; Notes: Denotes miraculous abundance.
  13. benedixitque — Lemma: benedico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd person singular + enclitic -que; Function: main verb of final clause; Translation: “and blessed”; Notes: Indicates divine favor; –que links to previous action.
  14. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object of benedixitque; Translation: “him”; Notes: Refers to Isaac as the recipient of blessing.
  15. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of benedixitque; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH, the divine source of blessing.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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