Genesis 26:13

Posted on January 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 26:13 Et locupletatus est homo, et ibat proficiens atque succrescens, donec magnus vehementer effectus est:

And the man became rich, and went on prospering and growing, until he became exceedingly great;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 locupletatus having become rich PPP.NOM.SG.M
3 est was / became 3SG.PERF.IND.DEP
4 homo man NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 et and CONJ
6 ibat he was going 3SG.IMPF.ACT.IND
7 profiens advancing / prospering PRES.ACT.PART.NOM.SG.M
8 atque and also CONJ
9 succrescens increasing / growing PRES.ACT.PART.NOM.SG.M
10 donec until CONJ
11 magnus great ADJ.NOM.SG.M
12 vehementer exceedingly ADV
13 effectus having become PPP.NOM.SG.M
14 est was / became 3SG.PERF.IND.DEP

Syntax

Main Clauses:
Et locupletatus est homo — main clause, “And the man became rich.”
et ibat proficiens atque succrescens — parallel clause describing continual progress, “and he was going on, prospering and growing.”
donec magnus vehementer effectus est — temporal clause expressing the limit of growth, “until he became exceedingly great.”
Subjects: homo (for locupletatus est and ibat); implied subject continues through effectus est.
Phrases: donec magnus vehementer effectus est — subordinate temporal clause defining culmination.
Participles: profiens and succrescens — circumstantial participles showing continuous action accompanying ibat.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: connects clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Introduces continuation of narrative.
  2. locupletatus — Lemma: locupleto; Part of Speech: verb (deponent participle); Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate participle with est; Translation: “having become rich”; Notes: Deponent sense—verb of becoming wealthy.
  3. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: auxiliary verb; Form: perfect indicative; Function: auxiliary forming perfect tense with locupletatus; Translation: “was / became”; Notes: Common auxiliary for deponent participles.
  4. homo — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of locupletatus est; Translation: “man”; Notes: Refers to Isaac.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: connects verbal clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Sequential conjunction.
  6. ibat — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperfect active indicative 3rd person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “he was going”; Notes: Denotes continuous progress.
  7. profiens — Lemma: proficio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: participle modifying ibat; Translation: “prospering / advancing”; Notes: Expresses concurrent development.
  8. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: joins participles; Translation: “and also”; Notes: Stronger than et, emphasizing addition.
  9. succrescens — Lemma: succresco; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: participle modifying ibat; Translation: “growing / increasing”; Notes: Suggests continual multiplication of wealth.
  10. donec — Lemma: donec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “until”; Notes: Marks limit of process described.
  11. magnus — Lemma: magnus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: “great”; Notes: Describes culmination of prosperity.
  12. vehementer — Lemma: vehementer; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: —; Function: modifies effectus est; Translation: “exceedingly”; Notes: Intensifier expressing superlative degree.
  13. effectus — Lemma: efficio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate complement with est; Translation: “having become”; Notes: Denotes result of progressive growth.
  14. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: auxiliary verb; Form: perfect indicative 3rd person singular; Function: completes compound verb effectus est; Translation: “was / became”; Notes: Forms periphrastic perfect expressing final state.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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