Genesis 36:30

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:30 dux Dison, dux Eser, dux Disan: isti duces Horræorum qui imperaverunt in Terra Seir.

duke Dison, duke Eser, duke Disan: these are the dukes of the Horrites, who ruled in the land of Seir.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 dux duke / chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
2 Dison Dishon PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
3 dux duke / chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
4 Eser Ezer PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 dux duke / chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 Disan Dishan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
7 isti these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
8 duces dukes / chiefs NOUN.NOM.PL.M
9 Horræorum of the Horites NOUN.GEN.PL.M
10 qui who PRON.REL.NOM.PL.M
11 imperaverunt ruled V.3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
12 in in PREP+ABL
13 Terra land NOUN.ABL.SG.F
14 Seir Seir PROP.NOUN.ABL.SG.F

Syntax

Appositive List: dux Dison, dux Eser, dux Disan —
Three nominative pairs (dux + proper noun) listing the remaining Horite chiefs. Each dux serves as a title in apposition to its proper name.

Main Clause: isti duces Horræorum —
The demonstrative isti (“these”) is the subject, duces (“chiefs”) the predicate nominative, and Horræorum a genitive of possession (“of the Horites”).

Relative Clause: qui imperaverunt in Terra Seir —
Introduced by qui (“who”), with imperaverunt (“ruled”) as the main verb; in Terra Seir expresses location (“in the land of Seir”). The clause describes the governing domain of these Horite chiefs.

Morphology

  1. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Designates a tribal leader; used repetitively in genealogical formulae.
  2. Dison — Lemma: Dison; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to dux; Translation: “Dishon”; Notes: One of the Horite chiefs of Seir.
  3. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Parallel structure continuing enumeration.
  4. Eser — Lemma: Eser; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to dux; Translation: “Ezer”; Notes: A Horite leader, also listed among descendants of Seir.
  5. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title repeated; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Marks final leader in this sequence.
  6. Disan — Lemma: Disan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to dux; Translation: “Dishan”; Notes: Final chief named; reflects regular use of repetition for honorific titles.
  7. isti — Lemma: iste, ista, istud; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers collectively to all chiefs just listed.
  8. duces — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “chiefs”; Notes: Names the group by role and rank.
  9. Horræorum — Lemma: Horræus; Part of Speech: noun (ethnic); Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of the Horites”; Notes: Defines the tribal ethnicity of the named leaders.
  10. qui — Lemma: quī, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: Refers to duces.
  11. imperaverunt — Lemma: imperō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural perfect indicative active; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: “ruled”; Notes: Indicates exercise of authority or governance.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: “in”; Notes: Specifies the territorial domain of rule.
  13. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “land”; Notes: Refers to geographic region ruled by Horite chiefs.
  14. Seir — Lemma: Seir; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: appositive with Terra; Translation: “Seir”; Notes: Region in Edomite territory, named after the Horite patriarch.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Genesis. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.