Leviticus 16:30

Posted on April 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 16:30 In hac die expiatio erit vestri, atque mundatio ab omnibus peccatis vestris: coram Domino mundabimini.

On this day there shall be expiation for you, and cleansing from all your sins; before the LORD you shall be cleansed.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 In on PREP+ABL
2 hac this ABL.SG.F.DEM
3 die day ABL.SG.F
4 expiatio expiation NOM.SG.F
5 erit shall-be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
6 vestri for-you GEN.PL.PRON.POSS
7 atque and CONJ
8 mundatio cleansing NOM.SG.F
9 ab from PREP+ABL
10 omnibus all ABL.PL.N
11 peccatis sins ABL.PL.N
12 vestris your ABL.PL.N.PRON.POSS
13 coram before PREP+ABL
14 Domino LORD ABL.SG.M
15 mundabimini you-shall-be-cleansed 2PL.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: In hac die — sets the specific liturgical time
Main Declaration: expiatio erit vestri — announces expiation on behalf of the people
Coordinated Predicate Nominative: atque mundatio — adds cleansing as a parallel effect
Ablative of Separation: ab omnibus peccatis vestris — specifies what is removed
Prepositional Phrase: coram Domino — situates the act in the LORD’s presence
Resulting Predicate: mundabimini — divine cleansing effected upon the people

Morphology

  1. In — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: temporal location; Translation: on; Notes: Introduces the appointed day.
  2. hac — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative feminine singular; Function: modifies die; Translation: this; Notes: Specifies the exact day.
  3. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine singular, fifth declension; Function: object of in; Translation: day; Notes: Liturgical reference.
  4. expiatio — Lemma: expiatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: subject; Translation: expiation; Notes: Removal of guilt.
  5. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: shall be; Notes: Declares future certainty.
  6. vestri — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive plural; Function: objective genitive; Translation: for you; Notes: Indicates beneficiaries.
  7. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Closely joins related effects.
  8. mundatio — Lemma: mundatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: cleansing; Notes: Ritual purification.
  9. ab — Lemma: ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: separation; Translation: from; Notes: Marks removal.
  10. omnibus — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: modifies peccatis; Translation: all; Notes: Emphasizes totality.
  11. peccatis — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural, second declension; Function: object of ab; Translation: sins; Notes: Moral offenses.
  12. vestris — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: modifies peccatis; Translation: your; Notes: Addresses the community.
  13. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: presence; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates divine presence.
  14. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular, second declension; Function: object of coram; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  15. mundabimini — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative passive; Function: main predicate; Translation: you shall be cleansed; Notes: Divine action upon the people.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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