Leviticus 7:20

Posted on April 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 7:20 Anima polluta quæ ederit de carnibus hostiæ pacificorum, quæ oblata est Domino, peribit de populis suis.

A soul that has been defiled which shall have eaten from the flesh of the peace-offering, which has been offered to the LORD, shall perish from among its people.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Anima soul NOM.SG.F
2 polluta defiled PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.F
3 quæ which REL.NOM.SG.F
4 ederit shall have eaten 3SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
5 de from PREP+ABL
6 carnibus flesh ABL.PL.F
7 hostiæ of the offering GEN.SG.F
8 pacificorum of peace offerings GEN.PL.M
9 quæ which REL.NOM.SG.F
10 oblata offered PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.F
11 est has been 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
12 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
13 peribit shall perish 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
14 de from PREP+ABL
15 populis peoples ABL.PL.M
16 suis its own POSS.ABL.PL.M

Syntax

Main Subject: Anima polluta — the defiled person under judgment
Relative Clause: quæ ederit de carnibus hostiæ pacificorum — specifies the forbidden act
Embedded Relative Clause: quæ oblata est Domino — identifies the offering as consecrated to the LORD
Main Verb: peribit — announces the penalty
Separation Phrase: de populis suis — indicates removal from the covenant community

Morphology

  1. Anima — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: soul; Notes: Legal term denoting an individual person.
  2. polluta — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular feminine; Function: attributive modifier of anima; Translation: defiled; Notes: Indicates ritual impurity already present.
  3. quæ — Lemma: qui, quæ, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of ederit; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to anima.
  4. ederit — Lemma: edo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: shall have eaten; Notes: Subjunctive expresses general legal condition.
  5. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates partial consumption.
  6. carnibus — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine, third declension; Function: object of de; Translation: flesh; Notes: Refers to sacrificial meat.
  7. hostiæ — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine, first declension; Function: modifies carnibus; Translation: of the offering; Notes: Identifies the sacrificial category.
  8. pacificorum — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies hostiæ; Translation: of peace offerings; Notes: Communion sacrifices shared between altar and worshiper.
  9. quæ — Lemma: qui, quæ, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of est; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to hostia.
  10. oblata — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular feminine; Function: predicate participle; Translation: offered; Notes: Emphasizes completed consecration.
  11. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary verb; Translation: has been; Notes: Forms the perfect passive periphrasis.
  12. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH as covenant recipient.
  13. peribit — Lemma: pereo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of judgment; Translation: shall perish; Notes: Formula for covenantal excision.
  14. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates removal.
  15. populis — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, second declension; Function: object of de; Translation: peoples; Notes: Collective term for the covenant community.
  16. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: modifies populis; Translation: its own; Notes: Refers back to the offending individual.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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