Numeri 10:9 (Numbers 10:9)

Posted on May 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 10:9 Si exieritis ad bellum de terra vestra contra hostes qui dimicant adversum vos, clangetis ululantibus tubis, et erit recordatio vestri coram Domino Deo vestro, ut eruamini de manibus inimicorum vestrorum.

If you go out to war from your land against enemies who fight against you, you will sound with wailing trumpets, and there will be remembrance of you before the LORD your God, so that you may be delivered from the hands of your enemies.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 exieritis you shall have gone out 2PL.FUTP.ACT.IND
3 ad to PREP+ACC
4 bellum war ACC.SG.N
5 de from PREP+ABL
6 terra land ABL.SG.F
7 vestra your ABL.SG.F.POSS
8 contra against PREP+ACC
9 hostes enemies ACC.PL.M
10 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
11 dimicant fight 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
12 adversum against PREP+ACC
13 vos you ACC.PL.2.PERS.PRON
14 clangetis you will sound 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
15 ululantibus wailing ABL.PL.F.PRES.ACT.PTCP
16 tubis trumpets ABL.PL.F
17 et and CONJ
18 erit will be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
19 recordatio remembrance NOM.SG.F
20 vestri of you GEN.PL.2.PERS.PRON
21 coram before PREP+ABL
22 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M
23 Deo God ABL.SG.M
24 vestro your ABL.SG.M.POSS
25 ut so that CONJ
26 eruamini you may be delivered 2PL.PRES.PASS.SUBJ
27 de from PREP+ABL
28 manibus hands ABL.PL.F
29 inimicorum of enemies GEN.PL.M
30 vestrorum your GEN.PL.M.POSS

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si exieritis ad bellum de terra vestra contra hostes — protasis describing circumstance (“if you go out to war…”).

Relative Clause: qui dimicant adversum vos — modifies hostes, specifying their action.

Main Clause: (vos) (implied subject) + clangetis (verb) + ululantibus tubis (ablative of manner/instrument).

Second Clause: recordatio vestri (subject) + erit (verb).

Phrase: coram Domino Deo vestro — prepositional phrase indicating presence before God.

Purpose Clause: ut eruamini de manibus inimicorum vestrorum — expresses intended result.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces conditional clause; Translation: if; Notes: Establishes real condition.
  2. exieritis — Lemma: exeō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative second person plural; Function: verb of protasis; Translation: you shall have gone out; Notes: Indicates completed future action prior to main clause.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces goal; Translation: to; Notes: Expresses direction toward war.
  4. bellum — Lemma: bellum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: war; Notes: Refers to military conflict.
  5. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates origin; Translation: from; Notes: Marks departure point.
  6. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: land; Notes: Refers to homeland.
  7. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies terra; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates possession.
  8. contra — Lemma: contra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces opposition; Translation: against; Notes: Indicates hostility.
  9. hostes — Lemma: hostis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of contra; Translation: enemies; Notes: Refers to opposing forces.
  10. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers back to hostes.
  11. dimicant — Lemma: dimico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third person plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: fight; Notes: Describes ongoing combat.
  12. adversum — Lemma: adversum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces opposition; Translation: against; Notes: Reinforces hostility.
  13. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural second person; Function: object of adversum; Translation: you; Notes: Refers to the addressed people.
  14. clangetis — Lemma: clango; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: you will sound; Notes: Refers to blowing the trumpets.
  15. ululantibus — Lemma: ululo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active participle ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative of manner; Translation: wailing; Notes: Describes how the trumpets are sounded.
  16. tubis — Lemma: tuba; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative of instrument; Translation: trumpets; Notes: Instrument of action.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Adds result.
  18. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third person singular; Function: copulative verb; Translation: will be; Notes: Indicates resulting state.
  19. recordatio — Lemma: recordatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of erit; Translation: remembrance; Notes: Suggests divine recognition.
  20. vestri — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive plural second person; Function: modifies recordatio; Translation: of you; Notes: Indicates possession.
  21. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces presence; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates divine presence.
  22. Domino — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of coram; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  23. Deo — Lemma: deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: apposition to Domino; Translation: God; Notes: Clarifies identity.
  24. vestro — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deo; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates relationship.
  25. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: Expresses intended result.
  26. eruamini — Lemma: eruo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive subjunctive second person plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: you may be delivered; Notes: Passive expresses being rescued.
  27. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces separation; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates removal.
  28. manibus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: hands; Notes: Figurative for power or control.
  29. inimicorum — Lemma: inimicus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies manibus; Translation: of enemies; Notes: Specifies whose hands.
  30. vestrorum — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies inimicorum; Translation: your; Notes: Indicates relation to the addressed group.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.