Numeri 2:10 (Numbers 2:10)

Posted on April 29, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 2:10 In castris filiorum Ruben ad meridianam plagam erit princeps Elisur filius Sedeur:

In the camps of the sons of Ruben on the southern side the leader will be Elisur son of Sedeur;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 In in PREP+ABL
2 castris camps NOUN.ABL.PL.N.2ND DECL
3 filiorum of sons NOUN.GEN.PL.M.2ND DECL
4 Ruben Reuben NOUN.INDECL
5 ad toward PREP+ACC
6 meridianam southern ADJ.ACC.SG.F
7 plagam side NOUN.ACC.SG.F.1ST DECL
8 erit will be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 princeps leader NOUN.NOM.SG.M.3RD DECL
10 Elisur Elizur NOUN.NOM.SG.M.INDECL
11 filius son NOUN.NOM.SG.M.2ND DECL
12 Sedeur Shedeur NOUN.GEN.SG.M.INDECL

Syntax

Main Clause: princeps erit — identifies who will serve as the leader.

Subject: princeps.

Verb: erit, future tense of sum, indicating the appointed leader in the camp arrangement.

Predicate Identification: Elisur filius Sedeur, naming the tribal leader.

Locative Phrase: In castris filiorum Ruben — indicates the camp belonging to the sons of Ruben.

Directional Phrase: ad meridianam plagam — specifies the position of the camp toward the southern side.

Morphology

  1. In — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing ablative; Function: introduces locative phrase; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates the location within the military camp.
  2. castris — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter, second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: camps; Notes: Plural form commonly used for a military encampment.
  3. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, second declension; Function: modifies castris; Translation: of sons; Notes: Used in biblical Latin to denote descendants or tribal members.
  4. Ruben — Lemma: Ruben; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: apposition to filiorum; Translation: Ruben; Notes: Hebrew tribal name retained without Latin inflection.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing accusative; Function: introduces directional phrase; Translation: toward; Notes: Indicates orientation or direction.
  6. meridianam — Lemma: meridianus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies plagam; Translation: southern; Notes: Refers to the southern direction or side.
  7. plagam — Lemma: plaga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, first declension; Function: object of the preposition ad; Translation: side / region; Notes: Used in geographical descriptions to indicate a direction.
  8. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of the clause; Translation: will be; Notes: Describes the future arrangement of tribal leadership.
  9. princeps — Lemma: princeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, third declension; Function: subject of erit; Translation: leader / chief; Notes: Indicates the appointed head of the tribe.
  10. Elisur — Lemma: Elisur; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: predicate identification; Translation: Elisur; Notes: Hebrew personal name preserved in Latin narrative.
  11. filius — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: apposition to Elisur; Translation: son; Notes: Indicates lineage.
  12. Sedeur — Lemma: Sedeur; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine indeclinable; Function: dependent genitive modifying filius; Translation: of Sedeur; Notes: Hebrew personal name preserved without Latin declension.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.