Numeri 6:5 (Numbers 6:5)

Posted on May 3, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 6:5 Omni tempore separationis suæ novacula non transibit per caput eius usque ad completum diem, quo Domino consecratur. Sanctus erit, crescente cæsarie capitis eius.

At all the time of his separation, a razor shall not pass over his head until the day is completed in which he is consecrated to the LORD. Holy he shall be, with the hair of his head growing.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omni every ABL.SG.M
2 tempore time ABL.SG.N
3 separationis of separation GEN.SG.F
4 suæ his GEN.SG.F POSS
5 novacula razor NOM.SG.F
6 non not ADV
7 transibit shall pass 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 per through PREP+ACC
9 caput head ACC.SG.N
10 eius his GEN.SG.M PERS
11 usque until ADV
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 completum completed ACC.SG.M PERF.PASS.PTCP
14 diem day ACC.SG.M
15 quo in which ABL.SG.M REL
16 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
17 consecratur he is consecrated 3SG.PRES.PASS.IND
18 Sanctus holy NOM.SG.M
19 erit he shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
20 crescente growing ABL.SG.F PRES.ACT.PTCP
21 cæsarie hair ABL.SG.F
22 capitis of head GEN.SG.N
23 eius his GEN.SG.M PERS

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: Omni tempore separationis suæ forms an ablative of time, indicating the entire duration of the vow.

Main Clause 1: novacula non transibit — novacula is the subject, transibit is the verb, negated by non.

Prepositional Phrase: per caput eius indicates the area affected by the action.

Limit Clause: usque ad completum diem defines the endpoint of the restriction.

Relative Clause: quo Domino consecratur modifies diem, specifying the day of consecration.

Main Clause 2: Sanctus erit — predicate adjective with future verb expressing state.

Ablative Absolute: crescente cæsarie capitis eius describes accompanying circumstance, indicating the growth of hair during the period.

Morphology

  1. Omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies tempore; Translation: every; Notes: Expresses total duration.
  2. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of time; Translation: time; Notes: Indicates period.
  3. separationis — Lemma: separatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies tempore; Translation: of separation; Notes: Refers to Nazarite vow period.
  4. suæ — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies separationis; Translation: his; Notes: Reflexive possession.
  5. novacula — Lemma: novacula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: razor; Notes: Instrument of cutting hair.
  6. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates verb; Translation: not; Notes: Standard negation.
  7. transibit — Lemma: transeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: shall pass; Notes: Indicates future prohibition.
  8. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: indicates movement through; Translation: through; Notes: Specifies action across surface.
  9. caput — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of preposition; Translation: head; Notes: Physical location.
  10. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies caput; Translation: his; Notes: Refers to individual under vow.
  11. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: intensifies limit; Translation: until; Notes: Marks extent.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: indicates endpoint; Translation: to; Notes: Completes range.
  13. completum — Lemma: compleo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative singular masculine perfect passive participle; Function: modifies diem; Translation: completed; Notes: Indicates fulfillment.
  14. diem — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: day; Notes: Endpoint of period.
  15. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: in which; Notes: Refers to day.
  16. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  17. consecratur — Lemma: consecro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present passive indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: he is consecrated; Notes: Passive state.
  18. Sanctus — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: holy; Notes: Describes state.
  19. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: copulative verb; Translation: he shall be; Notes: Indicates future state.
  20. crescente — Lemma: cresco; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular feminine present active participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: growing; Notes: Indicates ongoing process.
  21. cæsarie — Lemma: caesaries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative absolute noun; Translation: hair; Notes: Refers to head hair.
  22. capitis — Lemma: caput; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies cæsarie; Translation: of head; Notes: Specifies location.
  23. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies capitis; Translation: his; Notes: Possessive reference.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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