Numeri 27:13 (Numbers 27:13)

Posted on May 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 27:13 cumque videris eam, ibis et tu ad populum tuum, sicut ivit frater tuus Aaron:

And when you have seen it, you also shall go to your people, just as your brother Aaron went;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 cumque and when CONJ
2 videris you shall have seen 2SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
3 eam it ACC.SG.F
4 ibis you shall go 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 et also ADV
6 tu you NOM.SG
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 populum people ACC.SG.M
9 tuum your POSS.ACC.SG.M
10 sicut just as CONJ
11 ivit went 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
12 frater brother NOM.SG.M
13 tuus your POSS.NOM.SG.M
14 Aaron Aaron INDECL

Syntax

Temporal Clause: cumque videris eam — introduces the circumstance that must occur first. videris governs eam, referring to the Land mentioned in the preceding verse.

Main Clause: ibis et tu ad populum tuum — ibis is the main verb, tu adds emphasis to the subject, and ad populum tuum indicates the destination.

Comparative Clause: sicut ivit frater tuus Aaron — compares the future departure of Moyses with the earlier departure of Aaron.

Idiomatic Expression: ad populum tuum — a traditional biblical expression meaning to be gathered to one’s people, referring to death and reunion with one’s ancestors.

Morphology

  1. cumque — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Conjunction with enclitic; Form: Indeclinable conjunction with enclitic -que; Function: Introduces a temporal clause; Translation: “and when”; Notes: Connects this statement with the preceding command while introducing a future circumstance.
  2. videris — Lemma: video; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Future Perfect Active Indicative 2nd Person Singular; Function: Verb of the temporal clause; Translation: “you shall have seen”; Notes: Indicates an action completed before the following event.
  3. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun; Form: Accusative Singular Feminine; Function: Direct object of videris; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the Land that Moyses is commanded to behold.
  4. ibis — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Future Active Indicative 2nd Person Singular; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall go”; Notes: Refers euphemistically to the approaching death of Moyses.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Intensifying particle; Translation: “also”; Notes: Emphasizes that Moyses, like Aaron, will undergo the same fate.
  6. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun; Form: Nominative Singular; Function: Emphatic subject; Translation: “you”; Notes: Explicitly states the subject for emphasis.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Indeclinable preposition governing the accusative; Function: Introduces the destination phrase; Translation: “to”; Notes: Marks movement toward a destination.
  8. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Object of ad; Translation: “people”; Notes: Part of the idiom referring to one’s ancestors or forefathers.
  9. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Modifies populum; Translation: “your”; Notes: Identifies the people as belonging to Moyses.
  10. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Introduces a comparative clause; Translation: “just as”; Notes: Establishes a comparison between Moyses and Aaron.
  11. ivit — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect Active Indicative 3rd Person Singular; Function: Verb of the comparative clause; Translation: “went”; Notes: Refers to Aaron’s death using the same biblical idiom.
  12. frater — Lemma: frater; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative Singular Masculine; Function: Subject of ivit; Translation: “brother”; Notes: Identifies Aaron’s relationship to Moyses.
  13. tuus — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun; Form: Nominative Singular Masculine; Function: Modifies frater; Translation: “your”; Notes: Specifies whose brother is being discussed.
  14. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Apposition to frater; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: Preserves the Latin biblical name unchanged.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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