Genesis 45:11

Posted on February 14, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 45:11 Ibique te pascam (adhuc enim quinque anni residui sunt famis) ne et tu pereas, et domus tua, et omnia quæ possides.

And there I will feed you (for there are still five years remaining of the famine), lest both you perish, and your house, and all that you possess.”’

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ibique and there ADV + ENCLITIC
2 te you ACC.SG
3 pascam I will feed 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 adhuc still ADV
5 enim for ADV (POSTPOSITIVE)
6 quinque five INVAR.NUM
7 anni years NOM.PL.M
8 residui remaining NOM.PL.M.PTCP
9 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
10 famis of famine GEN.SG.F
11 ne lest NEG.CONJ
12 et both/and CONJ
13 tu you NOM.SG
14 pereas you perish 2SG.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
15 et and CONJ
16 domus house NOM.SG.F
17 tua your NOM.SG.F
18 et and CONJ
19 omnia all things NOM.PL.N
20 quae which NOM.PL.N.REL
21 possides you possess 2SG.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main clause:
• Ibique te pascam — “And there I will feed you.”
— Verb: pascam
— Object: te
— Adverb: Ibique (“and there”)

Parenthetical clause:
• (adhuc enim quinque anni residui sunt famis) — “for still five years of the famine remain.”
— Subject: quinque anni residui
— Verb: sunt
— Genitive: famis (“of famine”)

Negative purpose clause:
• ne et tu pereas, et domus tua, et omnia quae possides
— ne + subjunctive: expresses prevention
— Verbs: pereas (subjunctive)
— Subjects in coordination:
• tu
• domus tua
• omnia quae possides
— Relative clause: quae possides modifies omnia

Morphology

  1. Ibique — Lemma: ibi + que; Part of Speech: adverb with enclitic; Form: invariable; Function: locative adverb; Translation: “and there”; Notes: -que links to previous idea.
  2. te — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: direct object of pascam; Translation: “you”; Notes: singular, addressed to Jacob.
  3. pascam — Lemma: pasco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 1st singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “I will feed”; Notes: denotes future provision.
  4. adhuc — Lemma: adhuc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal marker; Translation: “still”; Notes: emphasizes continuation.
  5. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: postpositive; Function: explanation; Translation: “for”; Notes: never first in clause.
  6. quinque — Lemma: quinque; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: numeral modifier; Translation: “five”; Notes: counts remaining years.
  7. anni — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of sunt; Translation: “years”; Notes: stated period.
  8. residui — Lemma: residuus; Part of Speech: adjective/participle; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies anni; Translation: “remaining”; Notes: describes incomplete famine period.
  9. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative 3rd plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “are”; Notes: existence of remaining years.
  10. famis — Lemma: fames; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: “of famine”; Notes: describes type of remaining years.
  11. ne — Lemma: ne; Part of Speech: negative conjunction; Form: governs subjunctive; Function: introduces negative purpose clause; Translation: “lest”; Notes: expresses prevention.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links subjects; Translation: “both/and”; Notes: emphatic inclusion.
  13. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject of pereas; Translation: “you”; Notes: referred to Jacob.
  14. pereas — Lemma: pereo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 2nd singular; Function: verb of negative purpose clause; Translation: “you perish”; Notes: potential danger.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: adds additional subjects.
  16. domus — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject with pereas; Translation: “house”; Notes: means Jacob’s household.
  17. tua — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies domus; Translation: “your”; Notes: possessive.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Function: introduces final coordinated subject; Translation: “and”; Notes: structural parallelism.
  19. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective (substantive); Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject; Translation: “all things”; Notes: total possessions.
  20. quae — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: “which”; Notes: refers to omnia.
  21. possides — Lemma: possideo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative 2nd singular; Function: main verb of clause; Translation: “you possess”; Notes: expresses ownership.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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