Exodus 14:17

Posted on March 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 14:17 Ego autem indurabo cor Ægyptiorum ut persequantur vos: et glorificabor in Pharaone, et in omni exercitu eius, et in curribus et in equitibus illius.

But I will harden the heart of the Egyptians so that they may pursue you, and I will be glorified in Pharao, and in all his army, and in his chariots, and in his horsemen.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ego I PRON.NOM.SG
2 autem but ADV
3 indurabo I will harden 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
4 cor heart NOUN.ACC.SG.N
5 Ægyptiorum of the Egyptians NOUN.GEN.PL.M
6 ut so that CONJ
7 persequantur they may pursue 3PL.PRES.DEP.SUBJ
8 vos you PRON.ACC.PL
9 et and CONJ
10 glorificabor I will be glorified 1SG.FUT.PASS.IND
11 in in PREP+ABL
12 Pharaone Pharaoh NOUN.ABL.SG.M
13 et and CONJ
14 in in PREP+ABL
15 omni all ADJ.ABL.SG.M
16 exercitu army NOUN.ABL.SG.M
17 eius his PRON.GEN.SG
18 et and CONJ
19 in in PREP+ABL
20 curribus chariots NOUN.ABL.PL.M
21 et and CONJ
22 in in PREP+ABL
23 equitibus horsemen NOUN.ABL.PL.M
24 illius of him PRON.GEN.SG

Syntax

Main clause: Ego autem indurabo cor Ægyptiorum — emphatic subject + future active verb + direct object.
Purpose clause: ut persequantur vos — ut + subjunctive expressing intended result.
Coordinated future passive clause: et glorificabor — divine self-manifestation.
Series of prepositional phrases: in Pharaone… in omni exercitu eius… in curribus… in equitibus illius — spheres of divine glorification.

Morphology

  1. Ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: emphatic subject; Translation: “I”; Notes: stresses divine agency.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adversative connector; Translation: “but”; Notes: marks contrast with Moses’ action.
  3. indurabo — Lemma: induro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative first singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “I will harden”; Notes: divine judicial action.
  4. cor — Lemma: cor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: “heart”; Notes: inner will of Egyptians.
  5. Ægyptiorum — Lemma: Ægyptius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: possessive/genitive of the whole; Translation: “of the Egyptians”; Notes: identifies nation.
  6. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: “so that”; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  7. persequantur — Lemma: persequor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: present subjunctive third plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “they may pursue”; Notes: deponent with active sense.
  8. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of persequantur; Translation: “you”; Notes: refers to Israel.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links coordinated clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: smooth transition.
  10. glorificabor — Lemma: glorifico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future passive indicative first singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “I will be glorified”; Notes: divine self-display.
  11. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: expresses sphere.
  12. Pharaone — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Egyptian king.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues series.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: same governing pattern.
  15. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies exercitu; Translation: “all”; Notes: totality of forces.
  16. exercitu — Lemma: exercitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “army”; Notes: Egypt’s military.
  17. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possessive; Translation: “his”; Notes: refers to Pharaoh.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connective; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues list.
  19. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: parallels prior usages.
  20. curribus — Lemma: currus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “chariots”; Notes: elite military units.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connective; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins final phrase.
  22. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: same phrase structure.
  23. equitibus — Lemma: eques; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “horsemen”; Notes: cavalry forces.
  24. illius — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possessive; Translation: “of him”; Notes: refers again to Pharaoh.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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