Exodus 14:18

Posted on March 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 14:18 Et scient Ægyptii quia ego sum Dominus cum glorificatus fuero in Pharaone, et in curribus atque in equitibus eius.

And the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I will have been glorified in Pharao, and in his chariots, and in his horsemen.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 scient they will know 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 Ægyptii the Egyptians NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 quia that CONJ
5 ego I PRON.NOM.SG
6 sum am 1SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 Dominus the LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 cum when CONJ
9 glorificatus having been glorified PTCP.PERF.PASS.NOM.SG.M
10 fuero I shall have been 1SG.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND
11 in in PREP+ABL
12 Pharaone Pharaoh NOUN.ABL.SG.M
13 et and CONJ
14 in in PREP+ABL
15 curribus chariots NOUN.ABL.PL.M
16 atque and also CONJ
17 in in PREP+ABL
18 equitibus horsemen NOUN.ABL.PL.M
19 eius his PRON.GEN.SG

Syntax

Main clause: Et scient Ægyptii — coordinated future clause with plural subject and future verb.
Object clause: quia ego sum Dominus — factual clause introduced by quia; predicate nominative.
Temporal clause: cum glorificatus fuero — future perfect passive construction marking completed divine self-manifestation.
Prepositional expansions: in Pharaone… in curribus… in equitibus eius — spheres of YHWH’s manifested glory.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues narrative flow.
  2. scient — Lemma: scio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “they will know”; Notes: denotes future recognition.
  3. Ægyptii — Lemma: Ægyptius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “the Egyptians”; Notes: national designation.
  4. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces object clause; Translation: “that”; Notes: marks content of knowledge.
  5. ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: “I”; Notes: emphatic first-person.
  6. sum — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative first singular; Function: copula; Translation: “am”; Notes: links subject and predicate.
  7. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  8. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: often with subjunctive or future perfect.
  9. glorificatus — Lemma: glorifico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: part of periphrastic verb; Translation: “having been glorified”; Notes: agrees with implied subject.
  10. fuero — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative first singular; Function: auxiliary; Translation: “I shall have been”; Notes: completes passive periphrastic.
  11. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: expresses sphere of manifestation.
  12. Pharaone — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: king of Egypt.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: parallels prior usage.
  15. curribus — Lemma: currus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “chariots”; Notes: military unit.
  16. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: strengthens coordination; Translation: “and also”; Notes: more emphatic than et.
  17. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: continues parallel structure.
  18. equitibus — Lemma: eques; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “horsemen”; Notes: cavalry forces.
  19. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: possession; Translation: “his”; Notes: refers to Pharaoh.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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