Exodus 16:25

Posted on March 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 16:25 Dixitque Moyses: Comedite illud hodie, quia sabbatum est Domini: non invenietur hodie in agro.

And Moyses said: “Eat it today, for it is the sabbath of the LORD; it will not be found today in the field.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixitque and said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 Comedite eat 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
4 illud that ACC.SG.N (DEM)
5 hodie today ADV
6 quia for CONJ
7 sabbatum sabbath NOM.SG.N
8 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
9 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M
10 non not ADV
11 invenietur will be found 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
12 hodie today ADV
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 agro field ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Dixitque Moyses — Moses speaks; perfect tense links to narrative sequence.
Imperative Clause: Comedite illud hodie — command to eat the manna immediately.
Causal Clause: quia sabbatum est Domini — the sabbath belongs to the LORD; reason they must not gather.
Negative Future Statement: non invenietur hodie in agro — manna will not appear in the field on the sabbath.

Morphology

  1. Dixitque — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular, with enclitic -que; Function: main narrative verb; Translation: “and said”; Notes: -que connects to prior verse.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: proper name.
  3. Comedite — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperative, present active, 2nd plural; Function: command; Translation: “eat”; Notes: urgent instruction.
  4. illud — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: “that”; Notes: refers to preserved manna.
  5. hodie — Lemma: hodie; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: time marker; Translation: “today”; Notes: emphasizes immediacy.
  6. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces reason; Translation: “for”; Notes: causal force.
  7. sabbatum — Lemma: sabbatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sabbath”; Notes: Hebrew loanword.
  8. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: copula; Translation: “is”; Notes: equational.
  9. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: “of the LORD”; Notes: divine ownership of sabbath.
  10. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negates verb; Translation: “not”; Notes: simple negation.
  11. invenietur — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future passive indicative, 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “will be found”; Notes: expresses future absence.
  12. hodie — Lemma: hodie; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: time marker; Translation: “today”; Notes: repetition adds emphasis.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: introduces location.
  14. agro — Lemma: ager; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: locative complement; Translation: “field”; Notes: refers to the place of manna gathering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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